Mercury Control: for Coal–Derived Gas Streams

This essential handbook and ready reference offers a detailed overview of the existing and currently researched technologies available for the control of mercury in coal–derived gas streams and that are viable for meeting the strict standards set by environmental protection agencies. Written by an internationally acclaimed author team from government agencies, academia and industry, it details US, EU, Asia–Pacific and other international perspectives, regulations and guidelines.

Preface INTRODUCTION FATE OF MERCURY IN THE ENVIRONMENT REGULATIONS US Regulations International Regulations and Trends TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL MERCURY MEASUREMENT IN COAL GAS Continuous Emission Monitors Batch Methods: Impingers and Sorbent Traps MERCURY CHEMISTRY IN COAL UTILIZATION SYSTEMS AND AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICES Combustion Systems Gasification Systems Cement Kilns RESEARCH PROGRAMS IN THE US USDOE Program EPA Research Program EPRI Program MERCURY CONTROL PROCESSES USING EXISTING TECHNOLOGY Scrubbers Fuel and Flue Gas Additives Catalysts for the Oxidation of Mercury Combustion Modification MERCURY CONTROL PROCESSES USING SORBENTS Introduction to Carbon Sorbents for Pollution Control Sorbent Manufacture and Characterization Activated Carbon Injection Halogenated Carbons Concrete–Compatible Activated Carbons Non–Carbon Sorbents Sorbents for Gasification Process FATE OF MERCURY IN COAL COMBUSTION RESIDUES MODELING OF MERCURY CHEMISTRY IN AIR POLLUTION CONTROL DEVICES Mercury–Carbon Surface Chemistry Fundamental Models System–Level Models FURTHER READING

Evan J. Granite is a Research Group Leader at the Department of Energy`s National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), USA; Technical Coordinator for NETL?s in–house research on Rare Earth Detection and Recovery; and an Adjunct Research Professor of Chemical and etroleum Engineering at the University of Pittsburgh, USA (volunteer position). He completed postdoctoral research at the Department of Energy, received a PhD in Chemical Engineering from the University of Rochester, and BS and MS degrees in Chemical Engineering from The Cooper Union. His research has focused on mercury, trace contaminant, and carbon dioxide removal from flue and fuel gases. He is the principal or co–investigator for projects on the capture of mercury, arsenic, selenium, phosphorus, cadmium, and antimony coal–derived flue and fuel gases; carbon dioxide separation from flue gas; and rare earth detection and from recovery from solids. He has coauthored 38 peer–reviewed journal articles, eight patents/patents pending, 205 conference papers and presentations, and 49 DOE reports of invention. Henry W. Pennline has degrees in Chemical Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University and Northwestern University and is a Professional Engineer of Pennsylvania, USA. Since 2000, Mr. Pennline has served as a senior research group leader in the CO2 capture area, where novel techniques to capture/ separate carbon dioxide from post– and pre–combustion streams within power generation facilities are investigated. In addition to his duties in the CO2 capture area, he also served as the leader of the Clean Air Team from 1986 to 2002. Over his near forty years in research with the federal government (U.S Bureau of Mines and U.S. Department of Energy?s National Energy Technology Laboratory), he has become experienced in various facets of fossil–energy technology. He has initiated research in flue gas cleanup technologies, CO2 separation and capture techniques, and indirect liquefaction. He is inventor/ co–inventor of licensed processes, is author/co–author of numerous publications, and has received various prestigious awards during his federal tenure. Constance Senior is currently the Vice President of Technology at ADA–ES, Inc., where she is responsible for research and development in control of emissions of mercury and other pollutants from coal–fired power plants and other industrial combustion systems. For over fifteen years, she has been involved in the development and application of process models for formation and control of pollutants in industrial combustion systems. She has particular expertise in integrated power plant modeling and in the development and integration of submodels for complex CFD models of combustion and air pollution control processes. Dr. Senior is the author of over 40 articles in peer–reviewed journals and books. From 2008 to 2014, she served as an associate editor of the American Chemical Society journal Energy & Fuels.