Industrial Scale Natural Products Extraction

Covering the latest technologies in process engineering, this handbook and ready reference features high pressure processing, alternative solvents and processes, extraction technologies and biotransformations – describing greener, more efficient and sustainable techniques. The reader is provided with an expert account of engineering details ranging from lab–scale experiments to large–scale industrial designs. The major focus is on the engineering aspects of extraction with organic and supercritical solvents, ionic liquids or surfactant solutions, and is supplemented by aspects of both up– and downstream processing, biotransformation, as well as a survey of typical products in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Chapters on market developments, economic considerations and regulations requirements give the reader the complete picture of the field. Authored by experts from leading industrial and academic institutions, this is essential reading for the hands–on scientist and office manager alike.

Spis treści:
Preface.
List of Contributors.
1 Extraction of Natural Products from Plants – An Introduction (Hans–Jörg Bart).
1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Cultivation.
1.3 Extraction.
1.4 Extraction Techniques.
1.5 Purification.
References.
2 Solubility of Complex Natural and Pharmaceutical Substances (Feelly Ruether and Gabriele Sadowski).
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Solubility Calculations.
2.3 Thermodynamic Modeling.
2.4 Examples.
2.5 Summary.
Symbols.
Latin Symbols.
Greek Symbols and Special Characters.
Superscripts.
Subscripts.
Appendix.
Hard–chain Reference Contribution.
Dispersion Contribution.
Association Contribution.
R eferences.
3 Alternative Solvents in Plant Extraction (Volkmar Jordan and Ulrich Müller).
3.1 Introduction.
3.2 Ionic Liquids in the Extraction of Natural Compounds from Plant and Fungi.
3.3 Surfactants and Aqueous Two–Phase Systems in Plant Extraction.
3.4 Summary.
References.
4 High Pressure Processing (Rudolf Eggers and Stephan Pilz).
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Supercritical Fluids.
4.3 Physical Properties – Mass Transfer Characteristics.
4.4 Process Units.
4.5 Process Design and Operation.
4.6 Applications.
Acknowledgments.
References.
5 Process Engineering and Mini–Plant Technology (Jochen Strube, Werner Bäcker and Michael Schulte).
5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Chromatographic Screening.
5.3 Preparative Task.
5.4 Liquid–Liquid Extraction.
5.5 Mini–Plant Technology for Extraction Process Development.
5.6 Cost Estimation.
5.7 Total Process Development.
5.8 Future Developments.
Acknowledgments.
References.
6 Extraction Technology (Andreas Pfennig, Dirk Delinski, Wilhelm Johannisbauer and Horst Josten).
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Extraction Process Basics.
6.3 Experimental Procedures.
6.4 Theoretical Modeling and Scale–Up.
6.5 Industrial Extraction Equipment.
Symbols.
Latin Symbols.
Greek Symbols and Special Characters.
Subscripts.
Reference.
7 Extraction of Lignocellulose and Algae for the Production of Bulk and Fine Chemicals (Thomas Hahn, Svenja Kelly, Kai Muffler, Nils Tippkötter and Roland Ulber).
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Products from Lignocellulose.
7.3 Po lysaccharides and Sporopollenin from Marine Algae.
References.
8 Natural Products – Market Development and Potentials (Sybille Buchwald–Werner and Friedrich Bischoff).
8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Natural Product Market Overview.
8.3 Natural Products in Food and Functional Food.
8.4 Natural Products for Pharmaceutical Applications.
8.5 Summary.
References.
9 Regulations and Requirements (Guido Ritter and Alwine Kraatz).
9.1 Introduction.
9.2 Definition of Plant Extracts as Medicines or Foods – A Borderline Issue.
9.3 Application of Plant Extracts in Flavorings, Functional Foods, Novel Foods and Food Supplements.
9.4 Requirements Concerning Quality and Safety Issues.
9.5 Conclusions.
References.
Index.

Nota biograficzna:
Prof. Hans–Jorg Bart is the Head of the Department Process Engineering at Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Germany. He obtained his academic degrees from Technical University of Graz, Austria, and later became Head of the Christian Doppler Laboratorium "Modelling of Reactive Systems in Process Engineering". Professor Bart has authored over 300 publications, is on the editorial board of several journals, including "Chemical Engineering Technology Journal" and "CIT–Plus". Prof. Bart is Head of the ProcessNet working party "Extraction"Professor Hans–Jorg Bart and is an appointed board member of several scientific working parties.
Dr. Stephan Pilz is Head of the Development Division at Evonik Degussa GmbH in Trosberg, Germany and is also responsible for high pressure processes. He received his degree from Stuttgart University, worked on his master thesis with British Gas, UK, and his PhD with Daimler Chrysler AG at Karlsruhe University. Dr. Pilz is co–chairman of the ProcessNet working p arty "Natural Plant Extracts – Processes and Products".


Okładka tylna:
Covering the latest technologies in process engineering, this handbook and ready reference features high pressure processing, alternative solvents and processes, extraction technologies and biotransformations – describing greener, more efficient and sustainable techniques. The reader is provided with an expert account of engineering details ranging from lab–scale experiments to large–scale industrial designs. The major focus is on the engineering aspects of extraction with organic and supercritical solvents, ionic liquids or surfactant solutions, and is supplemented by aspects of both up– and downstream processing, biotransformation, as well as a survey of typical products in food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications. Chapters on market developments, economic considerations and regulations requirements give the reader the complete picture of the field. Authored by experts from leading industrial and academic institutions, this is essential reading for the hands–on scientist and office manager alike.