Solid State Electrochemistry I: Fundamentals, Materials and their Applications

The one–stop reference source for fundamentals, advances and intriguing problems of solid–state electrochemistry. This important and rapidly developing scientifi c fi eld integrates many aspects of the classical electrochemical science and engineering, materials science, solid–state chemistry and physics, heterogeneous catalysis and other areas of physical chemistry. The range of practical applications includes many types of batteries, fuel cells, analytical appliances, electrochemical pumps and compressors, solid–state electrolyzers and electrocatalyticreactors, synthesis of new materials with improved properties and corrosion protection, supercapacitors, electrochromic and memory devices.
The first volume contains brief reviews dealing with the general methodology of solid state electrochemistry, the major groups of solid electrolytes, mixed ionic–electronic conductors, and selected applications of the electrochemical cells. Particular attention is focused on the nanostructured solids, superionics, polymer and hybrid materials, insertion electrodes, electroanalysis and electrochemical sensors. Due to the highly interdisciplinary nature of the topic, this ready reference is of great interest to industrial and academic researchers, engineers and postgraduate students specializing in all related areas of science and technology.

Preface
FUNDAMENTALS, APPLICATIONS AND PERSPECTIVES OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY –
A SYNOPSIS
Solid vs. Liquid State
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Charge Carriers
Usefulness of Electrochemical Cells
Materials Research Strategies: Bulk Defect Chemistry
Materials Research Strategy: Boundary Defect Chemistry
Nanoionics
SUPERIONIC MATERIALS: STRUCTURAL ASPECTS
Techniques
Families of Superionic Conductors
Current Status and Future Prospects
DEFECT EQUILIBRIA IN SOLIDS AND RELATED PROPERTIES: AN INTRODUCTION
Defect Structure of Solids: Thermodynamic Approach
Basic Relationships between the Defect Equilibria and Charge Tranfer in Solids
Examples of Functional Materials with Different Defect Structures
ION–CONDUCTING NANOCRYSTALS: THEORY, METHODS AND APPLICATIONS
Theoretical Aspects
Applications and Perspectives
Experimental Methods
Review of the Current Experimental Data and their Agreement with Theory
Overview and Areas for Future Development
THE FUNDAMENTALS AND ADVANCES OF SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMISTRY: INTERCALATION (INSERTION) AND DEINTERCALATAION (EXTRACTION) IN SOLID STATE ELECTRODES
Thermodynamics of Intercalation and Deintercalation
Kinetics of Intercalation and Deintercalation
Methodological Overview
SOLID STATE ELECTROCHEMICAL REACTIONS OF ELECTROACTIVE MICRO– AND NANOPARTICLES IN A LIQUID ELECTROLYTE ENVIRONMENT
Methodological Aspects
Theory
Examples and Applications
ALKALI METAL CATION AND PROTON CONDUCTORS: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN COMPOSITION, CRYSTAL STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES
Principles of Classification and General Comments
Crystal–Chemistry Factors Affecting Cationic Conductivity
Crystal Structural Screening and Studies of the Conduction Paths
Conductors with Large Alkaline Ions
Lithium Ion Conductors
Proton Conductors
CONDUCTING SOLIDS: IN THE SEARCH FOR MULTIVALENT CATION TRANSPORT
Analysis of Trivalent Cation Transport
Search for Tetravalent Cation Conductors
OXYGEN ION–CONDUCTING MATERIALS
Oxygen Ionic Transport in Acceptor–Doped Oxide Phases: Relevant Trends
Stabilized Zirconia Electrolytes
Doped Ceria
Anion Conductors Based on Bi2O3
Transport Properties of Other Fluorite–Related Phases: Selected Examples
Perovskite–Type LnBO3 (B=Ga,, Al, In, Sc, Y) and their Derivatives
Perovskite–Related Mixed Conductors: A Short Overview
La2Mo2O9–Based Electrolytes
Solid Electrolytes with Apatite Structure
POLYMER AND HYBRID MATERIALS, THEIR ELECTROCHEMISTRY AND APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Fundamentals
Fluorinated Ionomer Membranes
Non–Fluorinated Ionomer Membranes
High Temperature PEMs
Conclusion
ELECTRONICALLY CONDUCTING POLYMERS
Solid Organic and Inorganic Electrochemically Active Materials for Galvanic Cells Operating at Moderate Temperatures
General Features of Doping–Induced Changes in Pi–Conjugated Polymers
HIGH–TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS OF SOLID ELECTROLYTES: GAS ANALYSIS, PUMPING AND CONVERSION
Characteristics of a Current–Carrying Electrode on an Oxide Electrolyte
Operating Modes
Cell Materials
Cell Designs
Examples of Applications
ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS: FUNDAMENTALS, KEY MATERIALS AND APPLICATIONS
Operation Principles
Materials Challenges
Applications

Vladislav Kharton is a principal investigator at the Department of Ceramics and Glass Engineering, University of Aveiro (Portugal). Having received his doctoral degree in physical chemistry from the Belarus State University in 1993, he has published over 260 scientifi c papers in international SCI journals, including 10 reviews, and coauthored over 40 papers in other refereed journals and volumes, 2 books and 2 patents. He is a topical editor of the Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry, and member of the editorial boards of Materials Letters, The Open Electrochemistry Journal, The Open Condensed Matter Physics Journal, and Processing and Application of Ceramics. In 2004, he received the Portuguese Science Foundation prize for Scientific Excellence.

"It will soon be definitely acclaimed as the only comprehensive handbook on this important and rapidly developing topic combining fundamental information with a brief overview of recent advances and intriguing problems in solid state electrochemistry, primarily targeting specialists working in this scientific field." ( Current Engineering Practice, 2010)

"In summary, the book succeeds in providing the reader with a concise introduction to a broad and diverse research area. The discussion and references can be used expand any topic of interest with the advantages and disadvantages of synthetic methods, materials, and approaches for many solid–state electrochemical systems." ( JACS, 2010)

Current Engineering Practice