Polyolefin Reaction Engineering

Written by two world–renowned authors pooling their experience from industry and academia, this book adopts a unique engineering approach using elegant mathematical modeling techniques to relate polymerization conditions, reactor and catalyst type to polyolefin properties. Readers thus learn how to design and optimize polymerization conditions to produce polyolefins with a given microstructure. The book concludes with a discussion of such recent developments as combined metallocene catalysts and polyolefin/clay nanocomposites.

Spis treści:
INTRODUCTION TO POLYOLEFIN PROPERTIES AND APPLICATIONS
Types of Polyolefins and Their Properties
An Introduction to Polyolefin Reactors
Influence of Polyolefin Microstructure on Physical and Rheological Properties
CATALYSTS FOR OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION
Principles of Coordination Polymerization
Ziegler–Natta Catalysts
Phillips Catalysts
Metallocene Catalysts
Late Transition Metal Catalysts
COORDINATION POLYMERIZATION KINETICS AND MECHANISM
Homopolymerization
Copolymerization
Long Chain Branch Formation
Polypropylene and Stereoregularity
Laboratory Reactors used for Catalyst Testing and Polymerization Kinetics Determination
Polymerization Kinetics for Multiple Site–Type Catalysts
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF MICROSCALE PHENOMENA
Population Balances
The Method of Moments
The Method of Instantaneous Distributions
Monte Carlo Simulation Techniques
MATHEMATICAL MODELLING OF MESOSCALE PHENOMENA
Catalyst Particle Break–up, Polymer Particle Growth, and Replication Factor
Mesoscale Model Classification
The Problem of Heat and Mass Transfer Limitations in Heterogeneous Ziegler–Natta and Supported Metallocene Catalysts
A Historical Review: Physical Models from the Solid Core to the Multigrain Model
Modern Models for Inter– and Intraparticle Mass and Heat Transfer Resistances
Models for Polymer Particle Morp hology Development
MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF MACROSCALE PHENOMENA
Dynamic Models for Industrial Polymerization Reactors
Residence Time Distribution
Polymer Particle Size Distribution
Models for Process Control
MODEL PARAMETER ESTIMATION
Techniques for Semi–Batch Reactors
Techniques for High–Throughput Reactors
Techniques for Continuous Industrial Reactors
Techniques for Stop–Flow Reactors
POLYOLEFIN MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION
Importance of Polyolefin Characterization
Gel Permeation Chromatography
Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation
Crystallization Analysis Fractionation
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Fourier–Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
THERMODYNAMIC CONSIDERATIONS
RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Combined Metallocene Catalysts
Polyolefin/
Clay Nanocomposites


Nota biograficzna:
João B. P. Soares. Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the University of Waterloo, Canada; research and development engineer Pronor, COPENE, and Polibrasil, Brazil; PhD with Professor A. E. Hamilec at McMaster University; more than 100 articles in refereed journals published and 9 chapters in books; Fellow of the Chemical Institute of Canada; recipient of the Premier′s Research Excellence Award (2000), the Union Carbide/ Dow Innovation Recognition Program (2000, 2001), and the Syncrude/ CSChE Canada Innovation Award (2001); consultant for several polyolefin–manufacturing companies in Canada, USA, Europe and Brazil.
Timothy F.L. McKenna. Directeur de Recherche (DR2) at the Laboratoire de Procédés de Polymérisation (LCPP, a CNRS laboratory), Villeurbanne, France; PhD with Professor Michael Malone at the University of Massachusetts (Amherst MA); process engineer with Elf–Aquitaine International (now Total Petrochemicals), France; author or co–authored of over 100 papers; consultant at com panies in Europe and Asia; currently the chairman of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering′s Working Party on Polymer Reaction Engineering.