Functional Organic Materials: Syntheses, Strategies and Applications

The impact of functional organic materials has increased dramatically over the last few years due to their applications in such numerous fields as electronic devices, optical materials and nanotechnology. Their application demands synthetic know–how and this is always the first step in designing functional materials for new products and applications in nanotechnology, among others.
This timely overview of the syntheses for functional pi–systems focuses on target molecules that have shown interesting properties as materials or models in physics, biology and chemistry. The unique concept allows readers to select the right synthetic strategy for success, making it invaluable for a number of industrial applications.
A "must have" for everyone working in this new and rapidly expanding field.

Spis treści:
Preface.
List of Contributors.
Part I 3–D Carbon–rich π–Systems – Nanotubes and Segments.
1 Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes (Andreas Hirsch and Otto Vostrowsky).
1.1 Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes – A New Carbon Allotrope.
1.2 Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes.
1.3 Covalent Functionalization.
1.4 Noncovalent Exohedral Functionalization–Functionalization with Biomolecules.
1.5 Endohedral Functionalization.
1.6 Conclusions.
1.7 Experimental.
2 Cyclophenacene Cut Out of Fullerene (Yutaka Matsuo and Eiichi Nakamura).
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Synthesis of [10]Cyclophenacene π–Conjugated Systems from [60]Fullerene.
2.3 Conclusion.
2.4 Experimental.
Part II Strategic Advances in Chromophore and Materials Synthesis.
3 Cruciform π–Conjugated Oligomers (Frank Galbrecht, Torsten W. Bünnagel, Askin Bilge, Ullrich Scherf and Tony Farrell).
3.1 Introduction.
3.2 Oligomers with a Tetrahedral Core Unit.
3.3 Oligomers with a Tetrasubstituted Benzene Co re.
3.4 Oligomers with a Tetrasubstituted Biaryl Core.
3.5 Conclusion.
3.6 Experimental.
4 Design of π–Conjugated Systems Using Organophosphorus Building Blocks (Philip W. Dyer and Rgis Rau).
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Phosphole–containing π–Conjugated Systems.
4.3 Phosphine–containing π–Conjugated Systems.
4.4 Phosphaalkene– and Diphosphene–containing πjugated Systems.
4.5 Conclusion.
4.6 Selected Experimental Procedures.
5 Diversity–oriented Synthesis of Chromophores by Combinatorial Strategies and Multi–component Reactions (Thomas J. J. Müller).
5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Combinatorial Syntheses of Chromophores.
5.3 Novel Multi–component Syntheses of Chromophores.
5.4 Conclusion and Outlook.
5.5 Experimental Procedures.
6 High–yield Synthesis of Shape–persistent Phenylene–Ethynylene Macrocycles (Sigurd Höger).
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Synthesis.
6.3 Conclusion.
6.4 Experimental Procedures.
7 Functional Materials via Multiple Noncovalent Interactions (Joseph R. Carlisle and Marcus Weck).
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Biologically Inspired Materials via Multi–step Self–assembly.
7.3 Small Molecule–based Multi–step Self–assembly.
7.4 Polymer–based Self–assembly.
7.5 Conclusion and Outlook.
Part III Molecular Muscles, Switches and Electronics.
8 Molecular Motors and Muscles (Sourav Saha and J. Fraser Stoddart).
8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Mechanically Interlocked Molecules as Artificial Molecular Machines.
8.3 Chemically Induced Switching of the Bistable Rotaxanes.
8.4 Electrochemically Controllable Bistable Rotaxanes.
8.5 Photochemically Powered Molecular Switches.
8.6 Conclusions.
9 Diarylethene as a Photoswitching Unit of Intramolecular Magnetic Interaction< /b> (Kenji Matsuda and Masahiro Irie).
9.1 Introduction.
9.2 Photochromic Spin Coupler.
9.3 Synthesis of Diarylethene Biradicals.
9.4 Photoswitching Using Bis(3–thienyl)ethene.
9.5 Reversed Photoswitching Using Bis(2–thienyl)ethene.
9.6 Photoswitching Using an Array of Photochromic Molecules.
9.7 Development of a New Switching Unit.
9.8 Conclusions.
9.9 Experimental Procedures.
10 Thiol End–capped Molecules for Molecular Electronics: Synthetic Methods, Molecular Junctions and Structure–Property Relationships (Kasper Nørgaard, Mogens Brøndsted Nielsen and Thomas Bjørnholm).
10.1 Introduction.
10.2 Synthetic Procedures.
10.3 Electron Transport in Two– and Three–terminal Molecular Devices.
10.4 Summary and Outlook.
10.5 Experimental.
11 Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Materials (Stephen Barlow and Seth R. Marder).
11.1 Introduction to Nonlinear Optics.
11.2 Second–order Chromophores for Electrooptic Applications.
11.3 Design and Application of Two–photon Absorbing Chromophores.
11.4 Appendix: Units in NLO.
Part IV Electronic Interaction and Structure.
12 Photoinduced Electron Transfer Processes in Synthetically Modified DNA (Hans–Achim Wagenknecht).
12.1 DNA as a Bioorganic Material for Electron Transport.
12.2 Mechanism of Hole Transfer and Hole Hopping in DNA.
12.3 Reductive Electron Transfer and Excess Electron Transport in DNA.
12.4 Results from the Electron Transfer Studies.
12.5 Outlook: Towards Synthetic Nanostructures Based on DNA–like Architecture.
13 Electron Transfer of p–Functional Systems and Applications (Shunichi Fukuzumi).
13.1 Introduction.
13.2 Efficient Electron–transfer Properties of Zinc Porphyrins.
13.3 Efficient Electron–transfer Properties of Fullerenes.
13.4 Photoinduced Electron T ransfer in Electron Donor–Acceptor Linked Molecules Mimicking the Photosynthetic Reaction Center.
13.5 An Orthogonal p–Donor–Acceptor Dyad Affording an Infinite CS Lifetime.
13.6 A Long–lived ET State Acting as an Efficient ET Photocatalyst.
13.7 Organic Solar Cells Using Simple Donor–Acceptor Dyads.
13.8 Organic Solar Cells Composed of Multi–porphyrin/C60 Supramolecular Assemblies.
13.9 Conclusion.
14 Induced p–Stacking in Acenes (John E. Anthony).
14.1 Introduction.
14.2 Anthracene.
14.3 Tetracene (Naphthacene).
14.4 Pentacene.
14.5 Higher Acenes.
14.6 Conclusion.
15 Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Chiral Conjugated Materials (Andrzej Rajca and Makoto Miyasaka).
15.1 Introduction.
15.2 Synthetic Approaches to Highly Annelated Chiral π–Conjugated Systems.
15.3 Barriers for Racemization of Chiral p–Conjugated Systems.
15.4 Strong Chiroptical Properties in Absorption, Emission and Refraction.
15.5 Conclusion.
Index.

Nota biograficzna:
Thomas J. J. M&amp;uuml;ller received his PhD at the Ludwig–Maximilians–University (LMU) in Munich, Germany, in 1992. After a postdoctoral stay at the Stanford University in Palo Alto, USA, he moved to the Technical University of Darmstadt, Germany, and later back to the LMU where he finished his Habilitation in 2000. In 2002 he became Professor for Organic Chemistry at the University of Heidelberg, Germany, and currently he is Professor at the University of D&amp;uuml;sseldorf, Germany. He is interested in the synthetic, methodological and physical chemical development of heterocyclic chemistry and its implications in medicinal chemistry, materials science and nanotechnology.
Uwe H. F. Bunz received his PhD at the LMU in Munich, Germany, in 1990. After a postdoctoral stay at the University of California in Berkeley, USA, he w ent to the Max–Planck–Institute for Polymer Science in Mainz, Germany, as a Research Associate and habilitated at the Univeristy of Mainz in 1997. He became Professor of Chemistry at the University of South Carolina, USA and currently he is Professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA, working on alkyne chemistry, polymer chemistry, chemistry of carbon rich materials, sugar and carbohydrate chemistry.

Okładka tylna:
The impact of functional organic materials has increased dramatically over the last few years due to their applications in such numerous fields as electronic devices, optical materials and nanotechnology. Their application demands synthetic know–how and this is always the first step in designing functional materials for new products and applications in nanotechnology, among others.
This timely overview of the syntheses for functional pi–systems focuses on target molecules that have shown interesting properties as materials or models in physics, biology and chemistry. The unique concept allows readers to select the right synthetic strategy for success, making it invaluable for a number of industrial applications.
A "must have" for everyone working in this new and rapidly expanding field.