The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism

The Psycholinguistics of Bilingualism is an essential resource for those seeking insights into the bilingual mind and our current knowledge of the cognitive basis of bilingualism. Written by two leading researchers in the field with contributions from internationally–renowned scholars, this textbook offers a comprehensive introduction to bilingual language processing, language acquisition, cognition and memory, and the bilingual brain.  Students are introduced to various approaches currently employed in the study of the psycholinguistics of bilingualism, including observation, experimentation, verbal and computational modeling, and brain imaging. Each chapter concludes with research questions and further reading suggestions. This textbook offers an overview from a unique vantage point, and in summing up the issues in the subfields of bilingualism research, is sure to inspire readers to keep pushing the discussion forward.

Author Biographies vii Introduction 1 1 Bilingualism: A Short Introduction 5 François Grosjean 1.1 The Extent of Bilingualism 6 1.2 Describing Bilinguals 7 1.3 The Functions of Languages 11 1.4 Language Mode 14 1.5 Interacting with Bilinguals and Monolinguals 17 1.6 Biculturalism 21 I SPOKEN LANGUAGE PROCESSING 27 2 Speech Perception and Comprehension 29 François Grosjean 2.1 From the Speech Wave to the Mental Representation 30 2.2 Processing Monolingual Speech 33 2.3 Processing Bilingual Speech 39 3 Speech Production 50 François Grosjean 3.1 From Thought to Articulation 51 3.2 Producing Monolingual Speech 52 3.3 Language Production in Bilinguals Is a Dynamic Process 54 3.4 Producing Bilingual Speech 59 II WRITTEN LANGUAGE PROCESSING 71 4 Reading 73 Annette M.B. de Groot 4.1 An Outline of the Reading Process 74 4.2 Word Recognition in Bilinguals 76 4.3 Models of Bilingual Visual Word Recognition 87 4.4 Sentence Processing in Bilinguals 91 5 Writing 100 Rosa M. Manchón 5.1 The Psycholinguistics of Bilingual Writing: Mapping the Terrain 102 5.2 Bilingual Text Production Activity: Processes and Strategies 105 5.3 The Transfer of Knowledge and Skills in Bilingual Writing 111 III LANGUAGE ACQUISITION 117 6 Simultaneous Language Acquisition 119 Virginia Yip 6.1 Theoretical Issues 121 6.2 Methodological Issues 124 6.3 Early Developmental Stages and Language Differentiation 129 6.4 Cross–linguistic Infl uence 130 6.5 Code–mixing 133 6.6 Extensions and Applications 137 7 Successive Language Acquisition 145 Ping Li 7.1 Age Effects in Second Language Acquisition 146 7.2 Speech Learning in Successive Language Acquisition 151 7.3 Dynamic Interaction between First Language and Second Language 155 IV COGNITION AND THE BILINGUAL BRAIN 169 8 Bilingual Memory 171 Annette M.B. de Groot 8.1 The Organization of the Bilingual Mental Lexicon 172 8.2 Bilingual Concepts 181 8.3 Bilingual Autobiographical Memory 186 9 Cognitive Effects 192 Ellen Bialystok and Raluca Barac 9.1 Language and Metalinguistic Abilities 193 9.2 Acquisition of Literacy 198 9.3 Developing Executive Control 202 9.4 Advantages of Bilingualism across the Lifespan 206 10 Neurolinguistic and Neurocomputational Models 214 Ping Li 10.1 Neurolinguistic Traditions and Debates 215 10.2 The Cognitive Neuroscience of Bilingualism 220 10.3 Neurolinguistic Computational Modeling 228 Index 239

François Grosjean is Professor Emeritus of Psycholinguistics at Neuchâtel University, Switzerland. His many publications on bilingualism include three books:  Life with Two Languages: An Introduction to Bilingualism (1982), Studying Bilinguals (2008), and Bilingual: Life and Reality (2010). The latter was selected as a Choice Outstanding Academic Title. He is a Founding Editor of the journal Bilingualism: Language and Cognition and was its first Coordinating Editor. Ping Li is Professor of Psychology, Linguistics, and Information Sciences and Technology at Pennsylvania State University. His books include The Handbook of East Asian Psycholinguistics: Volume 1, Chinese (co–edited with L–H. Tan, E. Bates, and O. Tzeng, 2006), and The Expression of Time (co–edited with W. Klein, 2009). He is Editor of the journal Bilingualism: Language and Cognition , and is on the Editorial Board of four other prominent journals.

“Therefore, this book serves well for upper level undergraduate and lower level graduate courses in psycholinguistics, linguistics, cognitive sciences, and Applied Linguistics.  Not only can readers learn about the current debates and issues in Bilingualism, but also a variety of approaches and methodologies used in the field, including observation, experimentation, verbal and computational modeling, and brain imaging.”  ( International Journal of Applied Linguistics , 6 November 2013) “This book exceeded my expectations, and I find it difficult to point out shortcomings, as it is perfectly aligned with its declared aims.”  ( The LINGUIST List , 1 May 2013)