Inflammation and Allergy Drug Design

Our knowledge and understanding of allergic diseases of the respiratory tract has improved to a point where new therapies are being developed for patient benefit. Inflammation and Allergy Drug Design explains the biologic science that underpins the pathophysiology of asthma and related disorders, as well as their mechanisms. This authoritative guide consists of 25 chapters, each detailing the cutting–edge developments in a particular field. It is divided into three parts, covering cytokines, chemokines, grow factors and mediators. This book allows immunologists, allergologists and researchers in the pharmaceutical industry to learn and appreciate the target biology in drug development. It also provides medical and pharmaceutical postgraduate students and clinicians with a basic understanding of allergic diseases in the respiratory tract.

Contributors, vii Preface, xiii Part I: Cells contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases in the respiratory tract 1 Novel anti–infl ammatory drugs based on targeting lung dendritic cells and airway epithelial cells, 3 Bart N. Lambrecht, Maud Plantinga, Monique Willart, and Hamida Hammad 2 Role of Th2 cells in the allergic diathesis, 15 Marsha Wills–Karp 3 Importance of Th17– and Th1–associated responses for the development of asthma, 27 Tomohiro Yoshimoto, Hiroko Tsutsui, and Kenji Nakanishi 4 Regulatory T cells, 39 Chris Corrigan and Kimuli Ryanna 5 A role for natural killer T–cell subsets in the pathogenesis of various allergic disorders, 59 Hiroshi Watarai, Michishige Harada, Mayumi Tamari, and Masaru Taniguchi 6 Regulatory roles of B cells in allergy and infl ammation, 67 Kiyoshi Takatsu, Masashi Ikutani and Yoshinori Nagai 7 Mast cells, 79 Mindy Tsai and Stephen J. Galli 8 Eosinophils, 107 Nancy A. Lee, Mark V. Dahl, Elizabeth A. Jacobsen, and Sergei I. Ochkur 9 Basophils in infl ammation and allergy drug design, 123 Donald MacGlashan, Jr. 10 Epithelial cells, 139 Tillie–Louise Hackett, Stephanie Warner, Dorota Stefanowicz, and Darryl Knight 11 Fibroblasts, 149 Alastair G. Stewart, Lilian Soon, and Michael Schuliga 12 Airway smooth muscle cells, 163 Andrew J. Halayko and Pawan Sharma Part II: Cytokines contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases in the respiratory tract 13 Interleukin 4, interleukin 13, and interleukin 9, 175 Kenji Izuhara, Shoichiro Ohta, Hiroshi Shiraishi, and Shoichi Suzuki 14 Interleukin 3, interleukin 5, and granulocyte–macrophage colony–stimulating factor, 187 Alba Llop–Guevara, Josip Marcinko, Ramzi Fattouh, and Manel Jordana 15 Interleukin 15, interleukin 17, and interleukin 25, 197 Hiroshi Nakajima and Itsuo Iwamoto 16 Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, 205 Kazuhiko Arima and Yong–Jun Liu 17 Interleukin 10, 215 Whitney W. Stevens, Larry Borish, and John W. Steinke 18 Tumor necrosis factor alpha, 225 Christopher Brightling, Latifa Chachi, Dhan Desai, and Yassine Amrani 19 Profi brotic and angiogenic factors in asthma, 237 Neville Berkman and Francesca Levi–Schaffer 20 Chemokines, 253 Luis M. Teran and Juan R. Velazquez 21 Epithelial growth factors, 263 Yasuhiro Gon and Shu Hashimoto Part III: Other mediators contributing to the pathogenesis of allergic diseases in the respiratory tract 22 Prostanoids, 273 Sarah A. Maher, Deborah L. Clarke, and Maria G. Belvisi 23 Leukotrienes, 285 Katsuhide Okunishi and Marc Peters–Golden 24 Proteases in allergy, 297 Keisuke Oboki and Hirohisa Saito 25 Toll–like receptors, 307 Jessica L. Allen, Aurelien Trompette, and Christopher L. Karp Index, 317

Edited by K. Izuhara, MD, PhD, Saga Medical School, Nabeshima, Japan Stephen T. Holgate, MD, DSc, FRCP, Southampton General Hospital, UK Marsha Wills–Karp, PhD, Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA