Dictatorship in South America

Assassination and political upheaval characterize the Cold War period in South America. Dictatorship in South America explores the Latin American experience of military dictatorship during this era, depicting citizens’ relationship with the brutal juntas that cycled in and out of power. Focusing on the experiences of Brazil, Chile, and Argentina, Dictatorship in South America delves into the wider political aftermath of the Cuban Revolution, an event that captured the minds of the public and pushed political regimes toward greater conservatism. Dávila argues that the radical utopian dreams of students and workers in the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution, fuelled in later years by events in 60s America and Europe, were confronted by equally radical right–wing projects realized by the armed forces in Brazil, Chile and Argentina. Yet behind the appearance of order and progress promoted by the generals, whose unapologetic capitalism disguised unsustainable capital flight and exploitation, lay internal disorder, violence, and the systematic abuse of human rights: the ‘disappeared’ were a real social group, albeit defined by their absence and presumed deaths. This history of three countries’ experience with dictatorship, economic crisis and grassroots re–democratization brings a new perspective to the study of modern Latin American history.

List of Illustrations viii Series Editor’s Preface xi Preface and Acknowledgements xiii Introduction 1 1 Dependency, Development, and Liberation: Latin America in the Cold War 9 2 Brazil: What Road to Development? 20 3 Argentina: Between Peronism and Military Rule 55 4 Chile: From Pluralistic Socialism to Authoritarian Free Market 82 5 Argentina: The Terrorist State 112 6 Brazil: The Long Road Back 137 7 Chile: A “Protected Democracy”? 156 Conclusion 179 Sources 185 Index 201

Jerry Dávila is Jorge Paulo Lemann Professor of Brazilian History at the University of Illinois. He is the author of Diploma of Whiteness: Race and Social Policy in Brazil, 1917–1945 (2003) and Hotel Trópico: Brazil and the Challenge of African Decolonization, 1950 – 1980 (2010), both of which have been translated into Portuguese and published in Brazil. Dávila has taught in both the United States and Latin America, where he held the Fulbright Distinguished Chair in American Studies at the Pontifícia Universidade Católica in Rio de Janeiro and was a Fulbright Scholar at the University of São Paulo.

“This concise history of Brazil, Argentina, and Chile from the mid–20th century until its end is excellent... Invaluable for undergraduate collections. Summing up: Essential. All levels/libraries.”  ( Choice , 1 October 2013)