Microemulsions: Background, New Concepts, Applications, Perspectives

Although first described by Winsor in 1954, the chemistry and technology of microemulsions attracts considerable research interest. Until relatively recently, microemulsions were not used in large scale applications as their phase behaviour and microstructure were not well understood and large amounts of surfactant were needed for their formulation. With increased understanding of their behaviour and significantly improved methods for formulating and tuning their properties, microemulsions are becoming increasingly useful in a range of industrial and research applications.

Covering both the advances that have enabled improved understanding of microemulsions, and the applications in a range of industrial and research settings, and written by a first class team of contributors, this book will be essential reading for anyone using, or considering using microemulsions in the course of their work. Written for research chemists, technologists and engineers in the fine, specialty chemicals and polymer industries, and those in university or government laboratories, this book will be particularly valuable to those early on in their careers.

Spis treści:
List of Contributors.
Preface.
Some Thoughts about Microemulsions.
Björn Lindman.
1. Phase Behaviour, Interfacial Tension and Microstructure of Microemulsions.
Thomas Sottmann and Cosima Stubenrauch.
1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Phase behaviour.
1.3 Interfacial tension.
1.4 Microstructure.
1.5 Conclusion.
2. Scattering Techniques to Study the Microstructure of Microemulsions.
Thomas Hellweg .
2.1 Introduction.
2.2 Scattering from droplet microemulsions.
2.3 Scattering from bicontinuous microemulsions.
2.4 Summary.
2.5 Appendix.
3. Formulation of Microemulsions.
Jean–Louis Salager, Raquel Ant´on, Ana Forgiarini and Laura M´arquez .
3.1 Basic concepts.
3.2 Representation of formulation effects.
3.3 Physico–chemical formulation yardsticks.
3.4 Quality of formulation.
3.5 Formulations for special purposes.
3.6 Final comment.
4. Effects of Polymers on the Properties of Microemulsions.
Jürgen Allgaier and Henrich Frielinghaus .
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Amphiphilic polymers.
4.3 Non–amphiphilic polymers.
5. Reactions in Organised Surfactant Systems.
Reinhard Schom¨acker and Krister Holmberg .
5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Motivation for surfactant systems as reaction media.
5.3 Selected reactions.
5.4 Engineering aspects.
5.5 Conclusion.
6. Microemulsions as Templates for Nanomaterials.
Satya P. Moulik, Animesh K. Rakshit and Ign´ac Capek .
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Preparation of nanocompounds.
6.3 Metal and metal/polymer nanoparticles.
6.4 Outlook.
7. Non–Aqueous Microemulsions.
Feng Gao and Carlos C. Co .
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Self–assembly in polymer blends.
7.3 Self–assembly in room temperature ionic liquids.
7.4 Self–assembly in supercritical CO2.
7.5 Self–assembly in non–aqueous polar solvents.
7.6 Self–assembly in sugar glasses.
7.7 Conclusions.
8. Microemulsions in Cosmetics and Detergents.
Wolfgang von Rybinski, Matthias Hloucha and Ingeg¨ard Johansson .
8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Microemulsions in cosmetics.
8.3 Microemulsions in detergency.
9. Microemulsions: Pharmaceutical Applications.
Vandana B. Patravale and Abhijit A. Date .
9.1 Introduction.
9.2 Microemulsions.
9.3 Applications in transdermal and dermal delivery.
9.4 Applications in oral drug delivery.
9.5 Applications in parenteral drug delivery.
9.6 Applications in ocular drug delivery.
9.7 Mucosal drug delivery.
9.8 Microemulsions as templates for the synthesis of pharmaceutical nanocarriers.
9.9 Application in pharmaceutical analysis.
9.10 Futu re perspectives.
10. Microemulsions in Large–Scale Applications.
Franz–Hubert Haegel, Juan Carlos Lopez, Jean–Louis Salager and Sandra Engelskirchen .
10.1 Introduction.
10.2 Soil decontamination.
10.3 Microemulsions in enhanced oil recovery.
10.4 Degreasing of leather.
11. Future Challenges.
Cosima Stubenrauch and Reinhard Strey .
11.1 Introduction.
11.2 Bicontinuous microemulsions as templates.
11.3 Nanofoams.
11.4 Clean combustion of microemulsions.
11.5 Solubilisation of triglycerides.
Index

Nota biograficzna:
Cosima Stubenrauch is Senior Lecturer at the School of Chemical & Bioprocess Engineering at University College Dublin, Ireland

Okładka tylna:
Although first described by Winsor in 1954, the chemistry and technology of microemulsions attracts considerable research interest. Until relatively recently, microemulsions were not used in large scale applications as their phase behaviour and microstructure were not well understood and large amounts of surfactant were needed for their formulation. With increased understanding of their behaviour and significantly improved methods for formulating and tuning their properties, microemulsions are becoming increasingly useful in a range of industrial and research applications.

Covering both the advances that have enabled improved understanding of microemulsions, and the applications in a range of industrial and research settings, and written by a first class team of contributors, this book will be essential reading for anyone using, or considering using microemulsions in the course of their work. Written for research chemists, technologists and engineers in the fine, specialty chemicals and polymer industries, and those in university or government laboratories, this book will be particularly valuable to those early on in their careers.