The DevOps Adoption Playbook: A Guide to Adopting DevOps in a Multi–Speed IT Enterprise

Deliver High–Value, Streamlined Enterprise Applications and Systems with DevOps

Enterprise IT has unique needs, capabilities, limitations, and challenges. DevOps is perfectly suited to deliver high–value applications and systems with velocity and agility, enabling innovation and speed while never sacrificing quality. But until now, most DevOps instruction has been focused on start–ups and born–on–the–web companies with an entirely different set of requirements.

In The DevOps Adoption Playbook, IBM Distinguished Engineer Sanjeev Sharma shows you exactly how to adopt DevOps in the enterprise based on your organization′s business goals, current state of IT maturity, and IT technologies and platforms. Derived from his own experience helping companies in a wide variety of industries to successfully adopt DevOps, it outlines how to get your organization on board, meet the challenges, and move into the fast lane.

Like a sports playbook, this guide provides "plays" that can be executed for different scenarios and situations within your company. You will learn to create an individual game plan that factors in specifics of your business and get your team working together with a common goal. The DevOps Adoption Playbook shows you how to:

Understand the elements and capabilities of DevOps Respond to the challenges of a multi–speed IT environment Identify the business goals that large enterprises can meet with DevOps Implement DevOps in large–scale enterprise IT environments Achieve high–value innovation and optimization with low cost and risk Exceed business goals with higher product release efficiency Apply DevOps across multiple technologies from mainframe, mobile, containers, microservices, to cloud technologies

Introduction xxiii

1 DevOps: An Overview 1

DevOps: Origins 2

DevOps: Roots 4

Addressing Dev versus Ops 7

DevOps: Practices 10

Continuous Integration 11

Continuous Delivery 16

Supporting Practices 20

Shift Left 29

Architecture and Risk Mitigation 31

Continuous Improvement 33

Metrics 33

Business Drivers 34

DevOps: Culture 35

Summary 37

2 Adopting DevOps 39

Developing the Playbook 41

Identifying the Target State (Business Goals and Drivers) 42

Assessing the Current State 45

Choosing the Transformation Plays 60

Adopting the Transformation Plays 61

Summary 65

3 Developing a Business Case for a DevOps Transformation 67

Developing The Business Case 68

Completing The Business Model Canvas 71

Customer Segments 72

Line of Business 72

IT Organization 74

Value Propositions 75

Line of Business 75

IT Organization 77

Channels 80

Line of Business 80

IT Organization 80

Customer Relationships 80

Line of Business 80

IT Organization 81

Revenue Streams 81

Line of Business 81

IT Organization 81

Key Resources 82

Line of Business 82

IT Organization 82

Key Activities 82

Line of Business 83

IT Organization 83

Key Partnerships 84

Line of Business 84

IT Organization 84

Cost Structures 85

Line of Business 85

IT Organization 85

Summary 85

4 DevOps Plays for Optimizing the Delivery Pipeline 87

DevOps as an Optimization Exercise 88

Business Intent: Optimization versus Innovation 89

Core Themes 95

Minimizing Cycle Time 95

Reducing Batch Size 98

Establishing the Right Culture 102

The DevOps Plays 106

Play: Establishing Metrics and KPIs 106

Play: Agile Adoption 113

Play: Integrated Delivery Pipeline 117

Play: Continuous Integration 123

Play: Continuous Delivery 128

Play: Shift Left Testing 142

Play: Shift Left Ops Engagement 149

Play: Continuous Monitoring and Feedback 155

Play: Release Management 161

Specializing Core Plays 165

Play: DevOps for Mobile 165

Play: DevOps for Mainframe 173

Play: DevOps for Internet of Things 177

Play: DevOps for Big Data and Analytics 180

Summary 186

5 DevOps Plays for Driving Innovation 189

Optimize to Innovate 190

The Uber Syndrome 192

Innovation and the Role of Technology 192

Innovating for New Business Models 193

Business Model Experimentation 194

Innovating for New User Engagement Models 195

Core Themes 198

Achieving Multi–Speed IT 198

Building the Right Thing 202

Enabling Experimentation 206

Delivering Antifragile Systems 208

IT Systems and Antifragility 211

Play: Build a DevOps Platform 216

Application Delivery and Antifragile Systems 218

Environment Abstraction 219

Cloud–Hosted DevOps Platform 221

Infrastructure as a Service 226

OpenStack Heat as an Abstraction Layer 232

Platform as a Service 233

Containers 238

Play: Deliver Microservices Architectures 241

Microservices Architecture 243

12–Factor App 245

Cloud Native 247

Microservices and Containers 249

Migrating to Microservices 249

Play: Develop an API Economy 253

Deployment Automation and APIs 255

DevOps Platform and APIs 255

Play: Organizing for Innovation 257

Developing an Innovation Culture in Large Organizations 259

Summary 260

6 Scaling DevOps for the Enterprise 261

Core Themes 263

Organizational Culture 263

Standardization of Tools and Practices 264

Organized Adoption 265

Breaking Down Organizational Silos266

Play: DevOps Center of Competency 267

Capabilities and Goals of a DevOps CoC 268

Core CoC Roles 269

The DevOps Coach 270

Setting Up a CoC 272

Play: Developing Culture of Innovation at Scale 273

The Offering Management Team 276

Play: Developing a Culture of Continuous Improvement 278

Developing an Adoption Roadmap 280

Continuous Improvement and Value Stream Mapping 282

Play: Team Models for DevOps 284

Play: Standardization of Tools and Processes 287

Standardization of an Integrated DevOps Platform 289

Play: Security Considerations for DevOps 291

Managing Security–Related Risks 292

Addressing Security for DevOps Processes and Platforms 295

The API Economy and Security 299

Play: DevOps and Outsourcing 301

Strategic Outsourcing 302

IT Supply Chain 303

Enabling DevOps with Outsourcing 304

Summary 304

7 Leading DevOps Adoption in the Enterprise 307

Play: DevOps as a Transformation Exercise 309

Compelling Reasons to Act 311

DevOps Transformation Anti–patterns 312

Play: Developing a Culture of Collaboration and Trust 315

Visibility Enables Trust 316

It s All about the People 317

Play: DevOps Thinking for the Line of Business 318

Line of Business IT Engagement 319

Engaging in the DevOps Transformation 321

Move Shadow IT out of the Shadows 321

Play: Starting with Pilot Projects 322

Pilot Project Selection 324

Executive Sponsorship 325

Play: Rearing Unicorns on an Aircraft Carrier 325

Fostering Ideas 327

Summary 329

Appendix Case Study: Example DevOps Adoption Roadmap 331

Organization Background 331

Roadmap Structure332

DevOps Optimization and Innovation Workshop 333

Background and Context 334

Adoption Roadmap 336

Business Drivers 336

Existing IT Initiatives 337

Bottlenecks 338

Root Causes 340

DevOps Practices 341

Roadmap Adoption 346

Index 347

SANJEEV SHARMA is an internationally known DevOps and Cloud Transformation thought leader. His experience includes tenures as CTO, Worldwide Technical Sales Leader, and Cloud Architect. He is also an IBM Distinguished Engineer, recognized at the highest levels of IBM′s exclusive core of technical leaders. As IBM′s Global CTO for DevOps Adoption, Sanjeev advises and mentors senior tech executives on executing DevOps and Cloud transformations across industries and geographies.