TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours

James D Brierley, BSc, MB, FRCP, FRCR, FRCPC
Professor, Department of Radiation Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and the University of Toronto, Canada
Dr Brierley trained in Clinical Oncology in the UK and developed his interest in cancer staging and surveillance when moving to Canada and has been involved in cancer surveillance, locally, nationally and internationally. He is Co–Chair of the UICC TNM Prognostic Factors Project. He has co–edited the TNM Supplement 4th edition (Wiley 2012) and the UICC Manual of Clinical Oncology (Wiley 2015). 

Mary K. Gospodarowicz MD, FRCPC, FRCR (Hon)
Medical Director, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network; Regional Vice–President of Cancer Care Ontario for Toronto South; Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Dr Gospodarowicz is the Past–President of UICC. She has a long–standing interest in cancer classification with an emphasis on staging and prognostic factors and she has been involved in the UICC TNM Project for many years. Her interests include the application of modern information and communication technologies in cancer control. Dr Gospodarowicz was coeditor of the 7th edition of the TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours (Wiley 2009) and editor of the 2nd and 3rd editions of the UICC Prognostic Factors in Cancer (Wiley 2001, 2006).

Christian Wittekind MD
Professor of Pathology, Chairman Institute of Pathology, University of Leipzig, Germany
Dr Wittekind been involved in cancer staging and tumour classifications for over 20 years. He is a member of the UICC TNM Core Committee, Head of the German Speaking TNM–Komittee, and personally responds to all the questions to the UICC TNM helpdesk. He was the coeditor of the 5th, 6th and 7th edition of the TNM classification of Malignant Tumours (Wiley 1997, 2002, 2009) editor of the 2nd 3rd, and 4th edition of the TNM Supplement (Wiley 2001, 2003 and 2012) and editor of the 6th edition of the TNM Atlas (Wiley 2014).

Acknowledgments 

National Committees and International Organizations  

Members of UICC Committees Associated with the TNM System

INTRODUCTION 

HEAD AND NECK TUMOURS       

Lip and Oral Cavity 

Pharynx: Oropharynx: p16 Negative

p16 Positive

Nasopharynx

Hypopharynx

Larynx

Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses

Unkown Primary Cervical Nodes

Malignant Melanoma of Upper Aerodigestive Tract

Major Salivary Glands 

Thyroid Gland∗  

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM TUMOURS 

Oesophagus including Oesophagogastric Junction 

Stomach  

Small Intestine  

Appendix

Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours

Colon and Rectum  

Anal Canal  

Liver: Liver cell carcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma

Gallbladder

Extrahepatic bile ducts: Perihilar bile ducts

Distal bile ducts

Ampulla of Vater 

Pancreas  

LUNG, PLEURAL AND THYMIC TUMOURS  

Lung  

Pleural Mesothelioma 

Thymus

TUMOURS OF BONE AND SOFT TISSUES    

Bone 

Soft Tissues

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GIST)

SKIN TUMOURS                          

Carcinoma of Skin: Head and Neck

Non Head and Neck

Carcinoma of the Eyelid Malignant Melanoma of Skin  

Merkel Cell Carcinoma of Skin

BREAST TUMOURS        

GYNAECOLOGICAL TUMOURS       

Vulva  

Vagina 

Cervix Uteri  

Uterus

Endometrium

Uterine sarcomas

Ovary, Fallopian Tube and Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma

Gestational Trophoblastic Tumours 

UROLOGICAL TUMOURS      

Penis 

Prostate

Testis  

Kidney 

Renal Pelvis and Ureter  

Urinary Bladder  

Urethra  

ADRENAL CORTEX∗

OPHTHALMIC TUMOURS     

Carcinoma of Conjunctiva 

Malignant Melanoma of Conjunctiva  

Malignant Melanoma of Uvea 

Retinoblastoma  

Sarcoma of Orbit  

Carcinoma of Lacrimal Gland 

HODGKIN LYMPHOMA    

NON–HODGKIN LYMPHOMAS

ESSENTIAL TNM

PAEDIATRIC TUMOURS