Essentials of Human Disease in Dentistry

The Dentistry Essentials are an international series of textbooks, designed to support lecture series or themes on core topics within dentistry.

A comprehensive guide to providing effective dental treatment and care to patients affected by diseases

Essentials of Human Disease in Dentistry, Second Edition takes an integrated approach to dentistry and how it relates to general medicine, surgery, pharmacology, therapeutics, pathology and microbiology. Building on the success of the Textbook of Human Disease in Dentistry, this new edition has been updated with a new layout, featuring key topics, learning objectives, and practical clinical advice in each chapter.

This accessible guide is structured around the systems of the body and covers all major diseases and conditions with their aetiology, symptoms, and treatments. The focus is on the relevance of particular diseases and their drug treatment in relation to dentistry and patient dental management.

This vital resource:

Promotes a better understanding of how to provide effective dental treatment to patients affected by diseases Presents illustrative examples and helpful clinical photographs throughout Includes a new chapter on the importance of understanding shock Features self–assessment questions at the end of each chapter, and a companion website hosting downloadable images from the book

Essentials of Human Disease in Dentistry, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for undergraduate dentistry students as well as newly qualified dentists preparing for the MFDS exam.

Contributors viii

Preface to the first edition xi

Preface to the second edition xii

Acknowledgements xiii

About the companion website xiv

1 Clinical examination and history taking 1
M Greenwood

2 Inflammation and anti inflammatory drugs 11
CM Robinson and RA Seymour

3 Principles of infection and infection control 21
S Waugh, E Ong, S Hogg, K Orr, JG Meechan, RA Seymour, M Greenwood, C Taylor and G Toms

3A Sterilisation, disinfection and antiseptics 22

3B Principles of infection and infection control, diagnosis and treatment of bacterial infections 27

3C Viruses and antiviral agents relevant to dentistry 38

3D Infection with immunodeficiency virus and implications for the oral cavity: Infection with HIV 46

3E Fungi and antifungal agents 53

4 Immunological disease 55
C Stroud and H Bourne

5 Cardiovascular disorders 67
RH Jay, G Stansby, T Barakat, RA Seymour, JG Meechan, CM Robinson, M Greenwood, S Hogg and A Balakrishnan

5A Introduction to cardiovascular disease (CVD) 68

5B Heart failure 78

5C Cardiac arrhythmias 81

5D Valvular heart disease 84

5E Hypertension 87

5F Anticoagulants, drugs affecting blood clotting 92

5G Dental implications of CVD 95

5H Peripheral vascular and cardiac surgical disorders 97

6 Respiratory disorders 107
SJ Bourke and M Greenwood

7 Gastrointestinal disorders 120
M Greenwood, JG Meechan and JR Adams

8 Renal disorders 131
EK Montgomery, JA Sayer, AL Brown and M Greenwood

9 Neurology and special senses 145
M Greenwood, RI Macleod, RH Jay, JG Meechan, P Griffiths, N Ali and RJ Banks

9A Neurology 146

9B ENT 152

9C Neurological disorders and dental practice 155

9D Stroke, speech and swallowing 161

9E Ophthalmology 165

9 F Anticonvulsant and anti ]Parkinsonian drugs 170

10 Shock 173
S Clark

11 Musculoskeletal disorders 179
F Birrell, M Greenwood and RH Jay

12 Dermatology and mucosal lesions 194
K Staines

13 Endocrinology and diabetes 208
RH Jay, M Greenwood and JG Meechan

14 Pain and anxiety control 222
CC Currie, J Durham and JG Meechan

15 Adverse drug reactions and interactions 234
RA Seymour and M Greenwood

16 General oncology 251
CM Robinson and PJ Thomson

17 Child health 265
FE Hogg and RR Welbury

18 Medicine for the elderly 277
RH Jay

19 Psychiatric disorders 283
SJ Brown, M Greenwood and JG Meechan

19A General psychiatry 284

19B Drug abuse 304

19C Anxiolytic and hypnotic drugs 307

20 Haematology 309
J Hanley, A Lennard and S Mathia

20A General haematology, haemato ]oncology 310

20B Haemostasis 322

20C Transfusion medicine 329

21 Medical emergencies 334
M Greenwood

Appendix: normal reference ranges 346

Index 347

About the Author
Mark Greenwood is an NHS Consultant in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery as well as Honorary Clinical Professor of Medical Education in Dentistry at the School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, UK. Qualified in both medicine and dentistry, he has been published in many peer reviewed journals and has co–authored two books on general medicine and surgery for dental practitioners.