Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice

THE REVISED AND UPDATED STANDARD–BEARING GUIDE TO MULTICULTURAL COUNSELING

The seventh edition of the classic resource, Counseling the Culturally Diverse: Theory and Practice, has been revised and updated to include the most current research and cultural and scientific theoretical formations. Authors Derald Wing Sue and David Sue′s comprehensive text leads in the coverage of topics such as microaggressions in counseling, interracial/interethnic counseling, social justice approaches to counseling, implications of indigenous healing, the sociopolitical nature of counseling, racial identity development, and cultural use of evidence–based practice.

Counseling the Culturally Diverse, Seventh Edition offers:

All the major multicultural counseling topics in the profession Current approaches for working with specific populations An examination of the hidden and unwritten rules that dictate many aspects of diversity in today′s world A review of the multicultural guidelines proposed by the American Psychological Association Fresh material to help facilitate experiential activities and discussions Ease of comparison between and among groups A new streamlined presentation that allows for more time to review and analyze the text′s content

This seminal work offers an ideal blend of theory and practice. The seventh edition offers students and instructors the latest research and findings in multicultural counseling, cultural competence, and the increasing role of the use of evidence–based interventions.

Preface

About the Authors

Section One the Multiple Dimensions of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy

Part I: The Affective and Conceptual Dimensions of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy

Chapter 1 Obstacles to Cultural Competence: Understanding Resistance to Multicultural Training

Emotional Self–Revelations and Fears: Majority Group Members 

Emotional Invalidation versus Affirmation: For Marginalized Group Members 

A Word of Caution 

Recognizing and Understanding Resistance to Multicultural Training: For Trainees and Trainers 

Cognitive Resistance Denial

Emotional Resistance 

Behavioral Resistance 

Conclusions 

Summary 

References

Chapter 2 The Superordinate Nature of Multicultural Counseling and Therapy 

Culture Universal (Etic) versus Culture Specific (Emic) Formulations 

The Nature of Multicultural Counseling Competence 

A Tripartite Framework for Understanding the Multiple Dimensions of Identity 

Individual and Universal Biases in Psychology and Mental Health 

The Impact of Group Identities on Counseling and Psychotherapy 

What Is Multicultural Counseling/Therapy? 

What Is Cultural Competence? 

Cultural Humility and Cultural Competence 

Social Justice and Cultural Competence 

Summary 

References

Chapter 3 Multicultural Counseling Competence for Counselors and Therapists of Marginalized Groups

Counselors from Marginalized Groups Working with Majority  and Other Marginalized Group Clients 

The Politics of Interethnic and Interracial Bias and Discrimination 

The Historical and Political Relationships between Groups of Color

Differences between Racial/Ethnic Groups 

Counselors of Color and Dyadic Combinations 

Summary 

References

Part II The Political Dimensions of Mental Health Practice

Chapter 4 The Political and Social Justice Implications of Counseling and Psychotherapy 

The Education and Training of Mental Health Professionals 

Definitions of Mental Health 

Counseling and Mental Health Literature 

Need to Treat Social Problems Social Justice Counseling 

The Foci of Therapeutic Interventions:    Individual, Professional, Organizational and Societal

Social Justice Counseling 

Summary 

References

Chapter 5 Impact of Systemic Oppression 

Therapist Credibility and Client Worldviews 

The Rest of the Story 

Therapist Credibility and Attractiveness 

Formation of Individual and Systemic Worldviews 

Formation of Worldviews 

Summary 

References

Chapter 6 Microaggressions in Counseling and Psychotherapy 

Contemporary Forms of Oppression 

Evolution of the Isms : Microaggressions 

The Dynamics and Dilemmas of Microaggressions 

Therapeutic Implications 

Summary 

Part III The Practice Dimensions of Multicultural Counseling/Therapy

Chapter 7 Barriers to Multicultural Counseling and Therapy: Individual and Family Perspectives

Identifying Multicultural Therapeutic Issues 

Generic Characteristics of Counseling/Therapy 

Culture–Bound Values 

Class–Bound Values 

Language Barriers 

Patterns of American Cultural Assumptions and Multicultural Family Counseling/Therapy 

Conclusions 

Summary 

References

Chapter 8 Culturally Appropriate Intervention Skills and Strategies

Cultural Expression of Mental Disorders 

Communication Styles 

Sociopolitical Facets of Nonverbal Communication 

Counseling and Therapy as Communication Style 

Summary 

References

Chapter 9 Multicultural Evidence–Based Practice 

Evidence–Based Practice and Multiculturalism  

Evidence–Based Practice and Diversity Issues in Therapy 

Summary 

References

Chapter 10 Non–Western Indigenous Methods of Healing: Implications for Multicultural Counseling and Therapy

Legitimacy of Culture–Bound Syndromes: Nightmare Deaths and the Hmong Sudden Death Phenomenon 

The Principles of Indigenous Healing 

Conclusion 

Summary 

References

Part IV Racial/Cultural Identity Development in Multicultural Counseling and Therapy

Chapter 11 Racial/Cultural Identity Development in People of Color: Therapeutic Implications

Racial Awakening 

Racial/Cultural Identity Development Models 

A Racial/Cultural Identity Development Model

Therapeutic Implications of the R/ CID Model

Conclusions 

Summary 

References

Chapter 12 White Racial Identity Development: Therapeutic Implications

What Does It Mean to Be White? 

The Invisible Whiteness of Being 

Understanding the Dynamics of Whiteness 

Models of White Racial Identity Development

The Process of White Racial Identity Development: A Descriptive Model

Developing a Nonracist and Antiracist White Identity 

Summary 

Section Two Multicultural Counseling and Specific Populations

Part V Understanding Specific Populations  

Chapter 13 Culturally Competent Assessment

Therapist Variables Affecting Diagnosis 

Cultural Competence and Preventing Diagnostic Errors 

Contextual and Collaborative Assessment

Infusing Cultural Competence into Standard Clinical Assessments 

References

Part VI Counseling and Therapy with Racial/Ethnic Minority Group Populations

Chapter 14 Counseling African Americans

Characteristics and Strengths 

Specific Challenges 

References

Chapter 15 Counseling American Indians and Alaska Natives

Characteristics and Strengths

Specific Challenges

Alcohol and Substance Abuse

References

Chapter 16 Counseling Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders

Characteristics and Strengths

Specific Challenges

References

Chapter 17 Counseling Latinos

Characteristics and Strengths

Specific Challenges

References

Chapter 18 Counseling Individuals of Multiracial Descent

Multiracialism in the United States

Specific Challenges

A Multiracial Bill of Rights

Multiracial Strengths

References

Part VII Counseling and Special Circumstances Involving Racial/Ethnic Populations

Chapter 19 Counseling Arab and Muslim Americans

Arab Americans

Muslim Americans

Characteristics and Strengths 

Specific Challenges

References

Chapter 20 Counseling Jewish Americans

Characteristics and Strengths

Specific Challenges

References

Chapter 21 Counseling Immigrants and Refugees

Challenges and Strengths

Counseling Refugees

References

Part VIII Counseling and Therapy with Other Multicultural Populations

Chapter 22 Counseling LGBT Individuals

Understanding Sexual Minorities

Specific Challenges

References

Chapter 23 Counseling Older Adult Clients

Characteristics and Strengths

Specific Challenges of Older Adults

References

Chapter 24 Counseling Women

Specific Challenges

Embracing Gender Strengths

References

Chapter 25 Counseling and Poverty

Demographics: Who Are the Poor? 

Strengths of People Living in Poverty 

Suggested Guidelines for Counselors 

References

Chapter 26 Counseling Persons with Disabilities

Understanding Disabilities

The Americans with Disabilities Act

Specific Challenges

Supports for Individuals with Disabilities

Counseling Issues with Individuals with Disabilities

References

Author Index

Subject Index

DERALD WING SUE is Professor of Psychology and Education in the Department of Counseling and Clinical Psychology at Teachers College, Columbia University. He served as president of the Society for the Psychological Study of Ethnic Minority Issues, the Society of Counseling Psychology, and the Asian American Psychological Association.

DAVID SUE is Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Western Washington University where he has served as the director of both the Psychology Counseling Clinic and the Mental Health Counseling Program. He is also an associate of the Center for Cross–Cultural Research at Western Washington University.