Electromagnetic Compatibility: Analysis and Case Studies in Transportation

Explains and resolves the electromagnetic compatibility challenges faced by engineers in transportation and communications

This book is a mathematically–rich extension of courses required to maintain the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), the Canadian Standards Association (CSA), and the European Union certifications. The text provides an in–depth study of the electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) issues related to specific topics in transportation and communications, including Light Rail Transit, shadow effects, and radio dead spots, through the analysis of real–world case studies in the United States and Europe. The author provides Cartesian, cylindrical, and spherical solutions that can be applied to Maxwell′s and Wave Equations. The book covers topics such as SCADA Systems, shielding, and complexities of radio frequencies and their effect on communication houses. The author also provides information for alternative industries to apply the solutions from the case studies and background content to their own professions.

Presents a series of over twenty real–world case studies related to EMC in transportation and communications Covers power line radiation, shadow effects on subway cars, train control systems, and edge distortions Includes the OATS testing method and Department of Transportation (DOT) test Provides access to a companion website housing power point slides and additional appendices

Electromagnetic Compatibility: Analysis and Case Studies in Transportation is a reference for practicing engineers involved in transportation and communications, as well as post–graduate engineering students studying transportation and communications in engineering.

Donald G. Baker has been a professional electrical/electronic engineer for over 60 years, including ten years as an adjunct professor. He has contributed to the research and development for delta modulators, audio generators, ultrasonic crack detectors, and conductivity meters. In the last three decades, Professor Baker has been a system engineer for transportation, audio, radio, and SCADA, as well as EMC radio intermodulation and rooftop antenna interference.

Author s Experience in Engineering

Preface

1 Introduction

1.1 Regulations

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

References

2 Fundamentals of Coupling Culprit to Victim

2.1 Radiation Effects on Equipment and Devices

2.2 Various Types of Emission Coupling

2.3 Intermodulation (IM)

2.4 Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR)

2.5 Susceptibility and Immunity

2.6 Filters for EMC

2.7 Lightning Stroke Analysis

2.8 Skin Affect in Wire

2.9 Conclusion

Review Problems Answers to Review Problems

3 Introduction to Electromagnet Fields

3.1 Wave Equation Solutions for Cylindrical Coordinate Systems

3.2 Wave Equation Solutions for Spherical Coordinate Systems

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

References

4 Case Studies and Analysis in Transportation Systems

4.0 Background Information for Subway Systems

4.1 Case Study 4.1

4.2 Case Study 4.2

4.3 Tunnel Radiation From a Temporary Antenna Installed on the Catwalk in a Tunnel

4.4 Simulcast Interference at the End of the Cut and Cover Subway Tunnel

4.5 Tracks Survey

4.6 Leaky Radiating Coaxial Cable Analysis

4.7 Effect of Rail on 26 Pair Cable Buried Along Right–of–Way

4.8 Radiation Leakage from Way–side Communication Houses and Cabinets

4.9 Lightning Rod Ground EMC Installation

References

5 Case Studies and Analysis of LRT Vehicle and Bus Top Antenna Farm Emissions and Other Radio–related Case Studies

5.0 Introduction

5.1 Circulation Current in the Ground Plane

5.2 Antenna Installation on a Radio Mast Case Study

5.3 A Unique Testing Technique for EMI and Police Vehicles

5.4 Antenna Close to the Edge of the Ground Plane

5.5 Case Study A Possible Fade Problem Due to Antenna Reflections on the Rooftop of a Locomotive

5.6 Case Study of Antenna Reflection and Diffraction at the Edge of the Ground Plane

5.7 An Antenna Application with Reflection Also at the Edge of the Ground Plane

5.8 An Antenna Application with Reflection Between Antennas i.e. Rooftop Antenna Farm

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

6 Case Studies and Analysis of Communications Equipment and Cable Shielding and Grounding for Bus and Ferry Operations

6.0 Introduction

6.1 The Communication System Overview

6.2 Reflections

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

7 Health and Safety Issues for Maintenance Workers and the Public with Exposure Limits

7.1 Electromagnetic Emission Safety Limits

7.2 An Analysis of Rails as a Shock Hazard

7.3 Power Line Safety Calculations

7.4 FCC Regulation

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

References

8 Miscellaneous Information Text Plans and Other Information Useful for Analysis

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Units of EMI Measurement table 8.1.1

8.3 EMC/EMI Performance Evaluation Communications Equipment

8.4 EMC/EMI Design Procedures

8.5 Fresnel Zone Clearance

8.6 Diffraction Losses

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

9 Track Circuit and Signals

9.0 AF Track Circuits

9.1 Loop Calculations

9.2 Circuit Theory in Loop Calculations

9.3 Ballast

9.4 Automatic Braking System

9.5 Conclusion

Review Problems

Answers to Review Problems

References

10 Track Circuit and Signals

10.0 Introduction

10.1 Examples 10.1

10.2 Examples 10.2

10.3 Examples 10.3

10.4 Examples 10.4

10.5 Examples 10.5

10.6 Examples 10.6

10.7 Examples 10.7

10.8 Examples 10.8

10.9 Examples 10.9

10.10 Examples 10.10

Index