Building Systems for Interior Designers

THE INTERIOR DESIGNER′S ULTIMATE GUIDE TO BUILDING SYSTEMS AND SAFETY UPDATED AND EXPANDED

Building Systems for Interior Designers, Third Edition remains the premier technical reference for designers and the recognized preparation guide for the NCIDQ exam. This extensively revised and expanded edition gives designers the necessary background in today′s building system designs and equipment to be valuable, contributing members on the building design team.

Award–winning authority Corky Binggeli enables interior designers to communicate effectively with architects, engineers, and contractors about engineering issues and technical building systems ranging from indoor air quality, moisture control, and heating and cooling, to water and waste to lighting, conveyance systems, and fire safety. Equally useful for residential, commercial, and institutional spaces, this convenient guide gives designers the mechanical foundation needed without mathematical depth to design in harmony with the functional aspects of a structure. Whether you′re in practice or academia, this go–to resource gives you a superior advantage with its:

Brand–new information on sustainable design and energy conservation Practical information on electrical systems basics and distribution A new and expanded art program, including more than 250 new illustrations of equipment and interior construction

Make informed design decisions with Building Systems for Interior Designers, Third Edition.

Part I The Building, the Environment, and Health and Safety

Chapter 1 Environmental Conditions and the Site

Introduction

Climate Change

Energy Sources

Electricity

Renewable Energy Sources

Non–Sustainable Energy Sources

Global Climate Change

Energy Consumption by Buildings

Building Site Conditions

Building Placement

Climates

Site Conditions

Interior Layout

Existing Buildings

Chapter 2 Designing for the Environment

Introduction

Building Envelope

History

Dynamic Building Envelope

Building Envelope and Codes

Exterior Walls

Roofs

Heat Flow and the Building Envelope

Terminology

Thermodynamics

Heat Flow and Building Envelope

Moisture Flow Through Building Envelope

Envelope Thermal Performance

Insulation Materials

Air Films and Air Spaces

Insulation Types and Forms

Energy–Efficient Design

Passive Systems

Active Solar and Hybrid Systems

The Design Process

The Design Team

Integrated Design

Sustainable Design

Energy Efficiency and Conservation

Sustainability and Green Design

Energy and Materials

Setting Sustainability Goals

Sustainable Design Strategies

LEED System

High Performance Buildings

Chapter 3 Designing for Human Health and Safety

Introduction

Human Body and the Built Environment

Maintaining Thermal Equilibrium

Visual and Acoustic Comfort

Other Human Environmental Requirements

Hazardous Materials

Renovation Considerations

Lead

Asbestos

Mold

Building Codes and Standards

Building Codes

Standards and Organizations

Federal Codes and Regulations

Energy Efficiency Requirements

Part II Building Components

Chapter 4 Building Forms, Structures, and Elements

Introduction

History

Building Form

Structural System

Foundations

Building Loads

Types of Building Loads

Compression, Deflection, and Tension

Spanning Openings

Vertical Supports

Lateral Forces

Shearing Forces

Grid Frameworks

Service Cores

Structural Types

Light Frame Structures

Post–and–Beam and Heavy Timber

Masonry Structures

Concrete Structures

Metal Structures

Other Structural Types

Chapter 5 Floor/Ceiling Assemblies, Walls, and Stairs

Introduction

Horizontal Structural Units

Floor/Ceiling Assemblies

Interior Design Concerns

Floor Systems

Wall Systems

Load–Bearing Walls and Frames

Interior Walls and Partitions

Stairs and Ramps

Stairs

Ramps

Chapter 6 Windows and Doors

Introduction

History

Windows

Window Selection

Window Types

Glazing

Window Frames

Storm Windows and Screens

Thermal Transmission

Shading and Solar Control

Toplighting and Skylights

Toplighting

Doors

Thermal Performance

Exterior Doors

Interior Doors

Door Types

Fire Doors

Door Hardware

Part III Acoustics

Chapter 7 Acoustic Design Principles

Introduction

Sound Basics

Sound Propagation

Sound Waves

Frequency

Sound Magnitude

Hearing

Human Ear

Loudness

Sound Masking

Directivity and Discrimination

Sound Sources

Speech

Music

Noise

Vibration

Sound Paths

Attenuation

Reflected Sound

Natural Sound Reinforcement

Absorbed Sound

Chapter 8 Architectural Acoustics

Introduction

History

Acoustic Codes and Standards

Acoustic Design

Design Process

Room Acoustics

Building Noise Control

Controlling Exterior Noise

Controlling Interior Noise

Background Noise

Sound Transmission

Airborne and Structure–Borne Sound

Measuring Sound Transmission

Sound Absorption

Reducing Acoustic Energy

Measuring Sound Absorption

Sound Absorption Strategies

Reverberation

Sound Isolation

Mass

Resiliency

Tightness

Compound Barriers

Floor/Ceiling Assemblies

Special Acoustic Devices

Sound Transmission Between Spaces

Walls and Partitions

Flanking Paths

Impact Noise

Materials and Acoustics

Acoustic Products

Ceiling Products

Wall Panels

Flooring

Window Treatments and Upholstery

Acoustic Applications

Acoustic Criteria

Offices

Music Performance Spaces

Auditoriums

Lecture Rooms

Schools

Public Toilet Rooms

Residential Buildings

Electronic Sound Systems

Sound Reinforcement Systems

Sound Systems for Specific Spaces

Part IV Water and Waste Systems

Chapter 9 Water Supply Systems

Introduction

History

Codes and Testing

Plumbing and Construction Drawings

Water Sources and Use

Water Use

Hydrologic Cycle

Precipitation

Surface Water, Groundwater, and Stormwater

Conservation

Protecting the Water Supply

Water Distribution

Well Water

Municipal Water Supply Systems

Water Quality

Distribution Within Buildings

Hot Water

Hot Water Heaters

Chilled Water

Gas Supply and Distribution

Chapter 10 Waste and Reuse Systems

Introduction

History

Sanitary Waste Systems

Sanitary Piping Elements

Residential Waste Piping

Large Building Waste Piping

Treating and Recycling Waste Water

Recycled Water

Rural Sewage Treatment

Centralized Sewage Treatment Systems

Solid Waste Systems

Recycling

Small Building Solid Waste Collection

Large Building Solid Waste Collection

Chapter 11 Fixtures and Appliances

Introduction

History of Bathrooms

Plumbing Fixtures

General Code Requirements

Bathroom Fixtures

Water Closets

Urinals

Bidets

Lavatories and Sinks

Bathtubs

Showers

Steam Rooms and Saunas

Residential Bathroom Design

Bathroom Design History

Bathroom Planning

Designing Public Toilet Rooms

Toilet Room Accessibility

Drinking Fountains

Appliances and Equipment

Residential Kitchens

Residential Appliances

Laundry Areas

Compressed Air

Part V Heating, Cooling, and Ventilation Systems

Chapter 12 Principles of Thermal Comfort

Introduction

History

Thermal Comfort

Designing for Thermal Comfort

Comfort Range

Principles of Heat Transfer

Thermal Energy Transfer

Air Temperature and Air Motion

Water Vapor and Heat Transfer

Thermal Capacity and Resistance

Thermal Mass

Thermal Conductivity

Thermal Resistance

Thermal Feel

Mechanical Engineering Design Process

Phases of Design Process

Thermal Comfort Zones

Heating and Cooling Loads

Chapter 13 Indoor Air Quality, Ventilation, and Moisture Control

Introduction

ASHRAE Standards and LEED

Indoor Air Quality

Illnesses Related to Buildings

Sources of Pollution

Indoor Air Quality Equipment

Plants and Indoor Air Quality

Controls for Indoor Air Quality

Infiltration and Ventilation

Infiltration

Ventilation

Natural Ventilation

Attic and Roof Ventilation

Mechanical Ventilation

Residential Ventilation Systems

Fans

Humidity and Moisture Control

Water Movement

Humidity

Condensation

Dehumidification

Chapter 14 Heating and Cooling

Introduction

Architectural and Engineering Considerations

HVAC Design Process

History

Building Energy Conservation

Codes and Standards

Heating Systems

Central Heating Systems

Building Heating Fuels

Solar Space Heating

Fireplaces and Wood Stoves

Mechanical Heating Systems

Radiant Heating

Electric Resistance Heat

Natural Convection Heating Units

Warm Air Heating

Cooling Systems

History of Cooling

Passive Cooling

Mechanical Cooling

Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) Systems

HVAC Zones

HVAC System Components

HVAC Distribution

Terminal Delivery Devices

Control Systems

Part VI Electrical and Lighting Systems

Chapter 15 Electrical System Basics

Introduction

History

Electrical System Design Process

Codes and Standards

Principles of Electricity

Types of Electricity

Electrical Current

Electrical Power Sources

Photovoltaic (PV) Power

Other Electrical Energy Sources

Electricity and Safety

Electrical Shocks

Grounding

Electrical Fire Safety

Circuit Protection

Chapter 16 Electrical Distribution

Introduction

Electrical System Design Procedure

Electrical Service Equipment

Electrical Power Distribution Systems

Interior Distribution

Branch Circuits

Electrical Wiring and Distribution

Interior Wiring Systems

Full Access Floors and Wiring

Low–Voltage Wiring

Power Line Carrier Systems

Electrical Emergency Systems

Wireless Systems

Electrical Design for Residences

Residential Code Requirements

Residential Branch Circuits

Wiring Devices

Outlet and Device Boxes

Electrical Plugs

Electrical Receptacles

Switches

Electrical Loads

Residential Appliances

Appliance Control and Energy Conservation

Chapter 17 Lighting Systems

Introduction

History of Lighting

Lighting Design Team

Lighting Calculation Methods

Lighting Design Process

Lighting Codes and Standards

Light and Vision

Physics of Light

Vision

Color and Light

Quantity of Light

Glare

Lighting Effects

Daylighting

History of Daylighting

Characteristics of Daylight

Daylighting Design

Daylighting and Fenestration

Electric Lighting

History of Electric Lighting

Electric Lighting Design

Electric Light Sources

Characteristics of Sources

Selecting Light Sources

Luminaire Light Control

Light Source Controls

Remote Source Lighting

Luminaires

Characteristics of Lighting Fixtures

Lighting Fixture Selection

Lighting Controls

Tuning and Maintenance

Emergency Lighting

Lighting Design Applications

Residential Applications

Commercial Applications

Part VII Fire Safety, Conveyance, Security, and Communications

Chapter 18 Fire Safety Design

Introduction

History

Design for Fire Safety

Basic Principles

Fire Risk

Combustion

Fire Safety Codes

Construction Types

Occupancy Hazard Classifications

Means of Egress

Building Types

Means of Egress Components

Protecting the Building

Compartmentation

Construction Assemblies and Elements

Materials and Fire Protection

Codes and Standards

Finish Classes and Test Ratings

Firefighting

Smoke Management

Fire Detection

Residential Detectors

Fire Alarm Systems

Residential Alarm Systems

Commercial and Institutional Systems

Alarm System Operation

Fire Suppression

Sprinkler Systems

Other Fire Suppression Systems

Portable Fire Extinguishers

Chapter 19 Conveyance Systems

Introduction

History

Codes and Standards

Elevators

Elevator Design

Elevator Machines

Passenger Elevators

Freight Elevators

Service Cars and Special Elevators

Elevator Security

Elevator Systems

Elevator Lobbies

Escalators

Escalators

Moving Walks and Ramps

Materials Handling

Dumbwaiters

Conveyors

Pneumatic Systems

Automated Container Delivery Systems

Chapter 20 Communications, Security, and Control Equipment

Introduction

Signal Systems

Communication Systems

Security Systems

Security System Applications

Security Equipment

Control and Automation Equipment

Automation

Intelligent Buildings

Building Controls

Bibliography

CORKY BINGGELI, ASID, is a principal at Corky Binggeli Interior Design in Arlington, MA. A professional member of ASID and past president of ASID New England, she has taught at Wentworth Institute of Technology in Boston and Boston Architectural College. She is the author of Materials for Interior Designers, co–author with Francis D.K. Ching of Interior Design Illustrated, and editor of Interior Graphic Standards, Second Edition, all from Wiley.