Horticultural Reviews, Volume 41

Contents Dedication: Philipp W. Simon 1. Circadian Regulation of Horticultural Traits: Integration of Environmental Signals 2. Response of Perennial Horticultural Crops to Climate Change 3. Nonchilling Physiological Rind Disorders in Citrus Fruit 4. Fruit Splitting in Citrus 5. Postharvest Biology and Technology of Ber Fruit 6. Peach Texture 7. High-Density Olive Plantations 8. The Carob Tree: Botany, Horticulture, and Genetic Resources 9. Snake Gourd and Pointed Gourd: Botany and Horticulture

Contributors ix Dedication: Philipp W. Simon xii Irwin Goldman 1. Circadian Regulation of Horticultural Traits: Integration of Environmental Signals 1 Marcos Egea–Cortines, Fabiola Ruiz–Ramon, and Julia Weiss I. Introduction 2 II. General Structure of the Plant Circadian Clock 3 III. Environmental Inputs 10 IV. Control of Plant Growth and Morphogenesis 13 V. Adaptation to Biotic and Abiotic Stress 29 VI. Summary and Conclusions 33 Acknowledgments 34 Literature Cited 34 2. Response of Perennial Horticultural Crops to Climate Change 47 D. Michael Glenn, Soo–Hyung Kim, Julian Ramirez–Villegas, and Peter Laderach I. Introduction 51 II. Response of Perennial Horticultural Crops with Abiotic Factors Associated with Climate Change 54 III. Case Studies 57 IV. Adapation 91 V. Future Research Needs 109 Acknowledgments 112 Literature Cited 112 3. Nonchilling Physiological Rind Disorders in Citrus Fruit 131 Lembe Samukelo Magwaza, Umezuruike Linus Opara, Paul J. R. Cronje, Sandra Landahl, Leon A. Terry, and Bart M. Nicolay I. Introduction 133 II. Citrus Rind Disorders 134 III. Rind Anatomy and Histological Characteristics 143 IV. Causes of Physiological Rind Disorders of Citrus Fruit 145 V. Molecular and Physiological Basis of Physiological Rind Disorders 158 VI. Techniques for Inducing Rind Disorders 161 VII. Prospects for Future Research 162 VIII. Conclusions 164 Acknowledgments 166 Literature Cited 166 4. Fruit Splitting in Citrus 177 Paul J. R. Cronje, Ockert P. J. Stander, and Karen I. Theron I. Introduction 179 II. Physiology of Citrus Fruit Splitting 183 III. Causes of Citrus Fruit Splitting 187 IV. Reducing Citrus Fruit Splitting 191 V. Conclusions 195 Acknowledgments 197 Literature Cited 197 5. Postharvest Biology and Technology of Ber Fruit 201 Sunil Pareek and Elhadi M. Yahia I. Introduction 203 II. Fruit Composition and Nutritional Variability 208 III. Physiological and Biochemical Changes During Maturation and Ripening 210 IV. Preharvest Treatments to Extend Shelf Life 218 V. Postharvest Handling and Technology 220 VI. Postharvest Diseases and Disorders 227 VII. Summary and Future Prospects 229 Literature Cited 231 6. Peach Texture 241 Paul Sandefur, John R. Clark, and Cameron Peace I. Introduction 243 II. Fruit Texture 245 III. Peach Texture 249 IV. Peach Flesh Types 258 V. Ripening and the Enzymatic Effects on Peach Texture 269 VI. Production and Handling Effects on Peach Texture 276 VII. Summary 285 Literature Cited 286 7. High–Density Olive Plantations 303 Luis Rallo, Diego Barranco, Sergio Castro–Garcya, David J. Connor, Marya Gomez del Campo, and Pilar Rallo I. Introduction: Olive Growing in a Time of Change 305 II. Typologies of Olive Plantations 307 III. Effects of Density on Plant Performance 318 IV. Critical Factors for High–Density Orchards 325 V. Orchard Establishment Costs, Management Costs, and Economical Indices 362 VI. The Future 365 Acknowledgments 370 Literature Cited 370 8. The Carob Tree: Botany, Horticulture, and Genetic Resources 385 Joan Tous, Agusti Romero, and Ignasi Batlle I. Introduction 387 II. Botany 395 III. Horticulture 407 IV. Variability and Genetic Resources 419 V. Properties and Uses 434 VI. Concluding Remarks 442 Acknowledgments 445 Literature Cited 446 9. Snake Gourd and Pointed Gourd: Botany andHorticulture 457 L. K. Bharathi, T. K. Behera, A. K. Sureja, K. Joseph John, and Todd C. Wehner I. Introduction 459 II. The Genus Trichosantes 459 III. Snake Gourd 467 IV. Pointed Gourd 475 V. Future Prospects 484 Literature Cited 485 Subject Index 497 Cumulative Subject Index 499 Cumulative Contributor Index 533