Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer: Future Applications and Therapeutics

Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer: Future Applications and Therapeutics Tarik Regad, The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK, Thomas J. Sayers, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, USA and Robert Rees The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK The field of cancer stem cells is expanding rapidly, with many groups focusing on isolating and identifying cancer stem cell populations. Although some progress has been made developing efficient cancer therapies, targeting cancer stem cells remains one of the important challenges facing the growing stem cell research community. Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer brings together original contributions from international experts in the field to present the very latest information linking stem cell biology and cancer. Divided into two parts, the book begins with a detailed introduction to stem cell biology with a focus on the characterization of these cells, progress that has been made in their identification, as well as future therapeutic applications of stem cells. The second part focuses on cancer stem cells and their role in cancer development, progression and chemo–resistance. This section of the book includes an overview of recent progress concerning therapies targeting cancer stem cells. Features: An authoritative introduction to the link between stem cell biology and cancer. Includes contributions from leading international experts in the field. Well–illustrated with full colour figures throughout. This book will prove an invaluable resource for basic and applied researchers and clinicians working on the development of new cancer treatments and therapies, providing a timely publication of high quality reviews outlining the current progress and exciting future possibilities for stem cell research.

List of Contributors vii

Preface xiii

Part I Stem Cells 1

1 Isolation and Characterization of Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Future Applications in Tissue Engineering Therapies 3
Christian Unger, James Hackland, David Preskey and Harry Moore

2 Epigenetics, Stem Cell Pluripotency and Differentiation 27
Maria J. Barrero

3 Stem Cell Niche and Microenvironment 45
Marcio Alvarez–Silva

4 Haematopoietic Stem Cells in Therapy 65
Jos Domen and Jignesh Dalal

5 Isolation and Identification of Neural Stem/Progenitor Cells 85
Loic P. Deleyrolle and Brent A. Reynolds

Part II Cancer Stem Cells 101

6 The Role of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition in Cancer Metastasis 103
Paul C. McDonald and Shoukat Dedhar

7 Regulation of Breast Cancer Stem Cells by Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Metastatic Niche 123
Fayaz Malik, Hasan Korkaya, Shawn G. Clouthier and Max S. Wicha

8 Isolation and Identification of Neural Cancer Stem/Progenitor Cells 145
David Bakhshinyan, Maleeha Qazi, Neha Garg, Chitra Venugopal,

9 Colon Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer 169
Varun V. Prabhu, Wafik S. El–Deiry and Niklas Finnberg

10 Prostate Cancer and Prostate Cancer Stem Cells 193
Magdalena E. Buczek, Jerome C. Edwards and Tarik Regad

11 Stem Cells and Pancreatic Cancer 213
Audrey M. Hendley and Jennifer M. Bailey

12 NANOG in Cancer Development 231
Bigang Liu and Dean G. Tang

13 Liver Cancer Stem Cells and Hepatocarcinogenesis 253
Hirohisa Okabe, Hiromitsu Hayashi, Takatsugu Ishimoto, Kosuke Mima, Shigeki Nakagawa, Hideyuki Kuroki, Katsunori Imai, Hidetoshi Nitta, Daisuke Hashimoto, Akira Chikamoto, Takatoshi Ishiko, Toru Beppu and Hideo Baba

14 Basic Science of Liver Cancer Stem Cells and Hepatocarcinogenesis 273
Katherine S. Koch and Hyam L. Leffert

15 Cancer Stem Cell Biomarkers 305
Stefano Zapperi and Caterina A.M. La Porta

16 Interatomic Analysis of the Stem Cell Marker NANOG in a Prostate Cancer Setting 317
Kiran Mall and Graham Ball

Index 353