Gas Insulated Substations

Gas Insulated Substations is an all–inclusive reference guide to gas insulated substations (GIS) which takes account of its basic principles, technology, application, design specification, testing and ownership issues. Practical and theoretical aspects are handled by acknowledged GIS experts who have been involved with the technology from the start. They provide the reader with the knowledge needed to identify a project with GIS, manage the GIS process and then assemble and later maintain that system. This learning resource offers engineering students and manufacturing professionals a sound insight into this important technology at a time when application of GIS is spreading as fresh projects are being launched and more companies are becoming involved. Key features: Written by leading GIS experts who have been involved in the development of the technology since its invention Discusses both the practical and theoretical aspects of GIS Details advanced and basic material, accessible for both existing GIS users and those planning to implement the technology Chapters are written as tutorials and provide helpful references for further reading and study Invaluable guide to practicing electrical, mechanical and civil engineers as well as third and fourth year electric power engineering students

1 Introduction 1.1 General Hermann Koch 1.2 Definitions Hermann Koch 1.3 Standards and References John Brunke 1.4 Ratings  Hermann Koch   2 Basic Information 2.1 History  Hermann Koch 2.2 Physics of Gas–insulated Switchgear John Brunke 2.3 Reliability and Availability Hermann Koch 2.4 Design Phil Bolin 2.5 Safety Hermann Koch 2.6 Grounding and Bonding John Boggess 2.7 Factors for choosing GIS John Boggess 2.8 Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) Hermann Koch 3 Technology   3.1 General  Hermann Koch 3.2 Modular Components, Design and Development Process Hermann Koch 3.3 Manufacturing Hermann Koch 3.4 Specification Development George Becker 3.5 Instrument Transformers Hermann Koch 3.6 Interfaces   3.6.1 Direct Connection between Power Transformers and GIS Xi Zhu 3.6.2 Cable Connections for Gas Insulated Switchgear for rated voltage above 52kV Xi Zhu 3.6.3 Bushings  Sharma Devki 3.7 Gas Insulated Surge Arrestors D Dave Lin 3.8 Gas Insulated Bus Hermann Koch   4 Control and Monitoring 4.1 General  Hermann Koch 4.2 Monitoring Nobby Fujimoto 4.3 Local Control Cabinet Pravakar Samanta 4.4 Digital Communication   Hermann Koch   5 Type and Routine Testing 5.1 General   Peter Grossmann 5.2 Type Tests Peter Grossmann 5.3 Routine Tests   Peter Grossmann 5.4 On–site Field Testing   Charles Hand   6 Installation 6.1 General  Hermann Koch 6.2 Installation Richard Jones 6.3 Energization: Connecting to the Power Grid James Massura   7 Operation & Maintenance 7.1 General  Hermann Koch 7.2 Operation of a Gas Insulated Substation   Charles Hand 7.3 Maintenance Arnaud Ficheux 7.4 Repair Arnaud Ficheux 7.5 Extensions Arnaud Ficheux 7.6 GIS Retrofit or upgrade    Ravi Dhara 7.7 Overloading and thermal limits Arnaud Ficheux   8 Applications 8.1 General  Hermann Koch 8.2 Typical GIS Layouts Peter Grossmann 8.3 Reference Projects Arun Arora 8.3.1 500 kV Indoor GIS and 115 kV AIS 8.3.2 115 kV  GIS Switching Station Substation 8.3.3 345 kV and 4000 A Indoor Expendable Ring Bus GIS 8.3.4 69 kV and 3150 A Indoor Double Bus GIS 8.3.5 115 kV and 1200 A Container Ring Bus GIS 8.3.6 115 kV and 2000 A Outdoor Single Bus GIS 8.3.7 345 kV and 4000 A Indoor Breaker and Half GIS 8.3.8 115 kV and 3150 A Indoor Ring Bus GIS 8.3.9 69 kV and 2000 A Indoor Ring Bus GIS 8.3.10 138 kV and 230 kV Outdoor Ring Bus GIS 8.3.11 500 kV and 4000 A/8000 A Indoor Breaker and Third GIS 8.3.12 69 kV and 1600 A Outdoor Single Bus GIS 8.3.13 69 kV and 2000 A Underground GIS Hermann Koch 8.4 GIS Case Study Public Service Electric and Gas Company – New Jersey 230 kV, 80 kA Bergen Switching Station  Peter Grossmann 8.5 Mobile GIS Hermann Koch 8.6 Mixed Technology Switchgear (MTS) Dave Solhtalab 8.7 Future Developments Hermann Koch   9 Other Topics 9.1 General  Hermann Koch 9.2.1 Environmental Life Cycle Assessment Venkatesh Minisandram 9.2.2 GIS Environmental Impact Arnaud Ficheux 9.2.3 Environmental Impact  Hermann Koch 9.3 Life Cycle Cost Analysis George Becker 9.4 Insulation Coordination Study Hermann Koch 9.5 Very Fast Transients Nobby Fujimoto 9.6 Project Scope Development Jorge Marquez 9.7 Risk–Based Asset Management of Gas–Insulated Substations and Equipment George Becker 9.8 Health and Safety Impact Hermann Koch 9.9 Electro Magnetic Field Hermann Koch   10 Conclusions Hermann Koch

Hermann Koch received his academic education at Technical University Darmstadt and New Jersey Institute of Technology in Newark, NJ from in 1986 in Electrical Engineering. His research work in the field of high voltages was concluded in 1990 with his doctoral thesis on partial discharge measurements for non–destructive testing. In 1991 he started his business career with Siemens in Erlangen Germany at the headquarters of the power transmission division. In several responsibilities he was engaged in gas insulated technologies for HV circuit breaker, gas–insulated substations and transmission lines. Responsible for technical support in sales, development of gas–mixture technologies like GIL, business development for GIS and GIL and for coordination of Siemens standardization activities on Energy Transmission Division. Currently he is Principle Expert of Standardization and gas–insulated high voltage system in Energy Transmission of Siemens. He is IEEE Fellow and Chairman of IEEE PES Substations Committee Working Group of the GIS Book. In IEC he is Secretary of SC 17C High Voltage Switchgear Assemblies. In CIGRE he is member of the Strategic Advisory Group of SC B3 Substations. He has published 150 technical papers and holds 31 patents in the field of gas insulated technology.