Biorenewable Resources: Engineering New Products from Agriculture

Biorenewable resources are the dedicated energy crops, agricultural residues, and organic wastes that serve as feedstocks in the production of fuels, chemicals, energy, and materials for the emerging bioeconomy. Biorenewable Resources: Engineering New Products from Agriculture, 2nd Edition provides a timely, comprehensive overview of the field that incorporates significant advances made in the field over the last decade. Biorenewable Resources: Engineering New Products from Agriculture, 2nd Edition is thoroughly revised and expanded to better serve the needs of students, professionals, and researchers working on the production and processing of biorenewable resources. Chapters provide grounding in fundamental concepts of engineering thermodynamics and organic chemistry relevant to the field, as well as provide practical guidance in feedstock production, processing, economics, and policy. The second edition of this foundational text will be an essential volume for anyone working in the biorenewables field. Provides comprehensive coverage of the development of renewable resources from biomass and agricultural residues Thoroughly revised to reflect the current state of the biorenewable resource research and industry Chapters explore topics ranging from production and processing of biorenewable resources to economics, policy, and environmental impacts Essential reading for students, researchers, and industry personnel working in the world’s emerging bioeconomy

PREFACE vii ABOUT THE AUTHORS xi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 2 FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS IN ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS 11 3 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 43 4 THE BIORENEWABLE RESOURCE BASE 75 5 PRODUCTION OF BIORENEWABLE RESOURCES 103 6 PRODUCTS FROM BIORENEWABLE RESOURCES 137 7 BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF CARBOHYDRATE–RICH BIOMASS 171 8 THERMOCHEMICAL PROCESSING OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS 195 9 PROCESSING OF OLEAGINOUS BIOMASS 237 10 PROCESSING OF BIORENEWABLE RESOURCES INTO NATURAL FIBERS 251 11 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF THE BIOECONOMY 261 12 ECONOMICS OF BIORENEWABLE RESOURCES 287 13 BIORENEWABLE POLICY 327 Appendix A DESCRIPTIONS OF BIORENEWABLE RESOURCES 341 Appendix B CONVERSION FACTORS 367 INDEX 369

Robert C. Brown is Anson Marston Distinguished Professor of Engineering, Gary and Donna Hoover Chair in Mechanical Engineering, and Founding Director of the Bioeconomy Institute at Iowa State University. Tristan R. Brown is Graduate Lecturer and Research Associate at the Bioeconomy Institute at Iowa State University.