Targeted Therapy in Translational Cancer Research

In the last decade, emergent technologies have enhanced our understanding of genomic, transcriptional, proteomic, epigenetic, and immune mechanisms in carcinogenesis. This improved understanding has enabled the development of targeted cancer therapies and personalized management, and transformed conventional treatment paradigms. It has provided the framework for the discovery of new targets, for validation of novel agents, for combination therapies predicated upon scientific rationale, and for clinical trials that have already markedly improved the prognosis and outcome of patients with cancer.

Over 37 chapters this volume of Translational Oncology series, Targeted Therapy in Translational Cancer Research:

Introduces the cutting–edge bench to bedside and back breakthroughs which have transformed the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer Provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in our understanding of tumor biology and describes current state–of–the–art anticancer therapy, as well as the most promising areas of translational research and targeted therapy Covers basic principles of targeted therapy, including immunotherapy and the roles of cancer stem cells, the microenvironment, angiogenesis, epigenetics, microRNAs, and functional imaging in precision medicine Summarises major advances in therapeutic management of hematologic malignancies and solid tumors using conventional therapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, or novel treatment modalities

We are on the threshold of translating discoveries in cancer biology into unprecedented durable responses and improved clinical outcomes in the majority of patients with cancer. In this unique time in history, the discovery of novel therapeutic approaches targeting the molecular basis of cancer will allow for implementation of precision medicine, with the promise of potentially curative, well tolerated, therapies. Targeted Therapy in Translational Cancer Research was written to increase the awareness and access of basic and clinical researchers, caregivers, and patients alike to cutting–edge bench to bedside and back breakthroughs, which have transformed the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer.

The expert editor team and contributing authors provide an insightful overview to the novel therapeutic approaches targeting the molecular basis of cancer and allowing for the growth of precision medicine. This title is an essential resource for clinical and research oncologists and trainees, pharmacologic research and development professionals, biomedical scientists, and allied oncology professionals.

Translational Oncology Series
Series Editors
ROBERT C. BAST, MD
Vice President for Translational Research
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, TX, USA

MAURIE MARKMAN, MD
Senior Vice President for Clinical Affairs
Cancer Treatment Centers of America
Clinical Professor of Medicine
Drexel University College of Medicine
Philadelphia, PA, USA

ERNEST HAWK, MD, MPH
Vice President, Division of OVP, Cancer Prevention and Population Sciences
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, TX, USA

Other volumes in the Translational Oncology Series
Cancer Gene Therapy by Viral and Non–viral Vectors
Edited by Malcolm Brenner and Mien–Chie Hung
978–1–118–50162–7

List of Contributors

Series Foreword

Foreword

Preface

Part 1: Principles of Targeted Therapies

1 Targeted and Functional Imaging
Jian Q. (Michael) Yu, Drew A. Torigian, Abass Alavi

2 Combining Targeted Therapies
Jordi Rodon, Analia Azaro, Davis Torrejon, Razelle Kurzrock

3 Toward Personalized Therapy for Cancer
Ashley M. Holder, Funda Meric–Bernstam

4 Principles of Targeted Immunotherapy
Susanne H.C. Baumeister, Glenn Dranoff

5 Cancer Stem Cell Principles
Allison Sharrow, Gabiel Ghiaur, Richard J. Jones

6 The Impact of Genomics on Targeted Therapy in Multiple Myeloma and Lymphomas
Jens G. Lohr and Birgit Knoechel

7 The Tumor Microenvironment as a Target for Therapeutic Intervention
Hua Fang, Yves A. DeClerck

8 The Role of Angiogenesis in Cancer
Morgan Taylor, Robert L. Coleman and Anil K. Sood

9 Epigenetics
Omatayo Fasan, Patrick Boland, Patricia Kropf, Jean–Pierre J. Issa

10 The Role of MicroRNAs in Cancer
Gianpiero Di Leva and Carlo M. Croce

Part 2: Targeted Therapy in Hematological Malignancies

11 Acute myelogenous leukemia
Richard Stone, Ofir Wolach

12 Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Elias Jabbour and Jorge Cortes

13 Acute lymphocytic leukemia
Nitin Jain, Susan O Brien, Farhad Ravandi–Kashani

14 Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Susan O′Brien and Preetesh Jain

15 Multiple myeloma
Giada Bianchi and Kenneth C. Anderson

16 Myelodysplastic syndrome
Guillermo Montalbán Bravo, Guillermo García–Manero

17 Lymphoma and Targeted Therapies
Sonali M. Smith, Julie M. Vose

Part 3: Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors

18 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Brain
Shiao–Pei Weathers, Barbara J. O Brien, John F. de Groot, W. K. Alfred Yung

19 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Breast Cancer
Harold Burstein

20 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Colorectal Cancer
Scott Kopetz, Maen Abdelrahim, David Menter

21 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Endometrial Cancer
Jessica L. Bowser, Russell R. Broaddus, Robert L. Coleman, Shannon N. Westin

22 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Head and Neck
Marcus M. Monroe and Jeffrey N. Myers

23 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Lung cancer
Saiama N Waqar, Daniel Morgensztern, Roy S Herbst

24 Targeted Therapy in Melanoma
Keith T. Flaherty

25 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Ovarian cancer
Shannon N. Westin, Larissa A. Meyer, Robert L. Coleman

26 Molecular Therapeutics: Pancreatic Cancer
David Fogelman, Milind Javle, James Abbruzzese

27 Targeted Therapies for Pediatric Solid Tumors
Jasmine Quynh Dao, Patrick A. Zweidler–McKay

28 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Prostate Cancer
William G. Nelson,  Michael C. Haffner, and Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian

29 Renal Cell Carcinoma and Targeted Therapy
Benjamin A. Gartrell, Alexander C. Small, William K. Oh, Matthew D. Galsky

30 Targeted Therapy in Solid Tumors: Sarcoma
Shreyaskumar Patel, Anthony P. Conley,  Vinod Ravi

Part 4: Targeted Therapy for Specific Molecular Aberrations

31 RAS–RAF–MEK pathway: Aberrations and therapeutic possibilities
Javier Munoz, Filip Janku

32 The Phosphatidylinositol 3–kinase Pathway in Human Malignancies
Samuel J. Klempner, Thanh–Trang Vo, Andrea P. Myers, Lewis C. Cantley

33 Current status and future direction of PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
Saeed Rafii, Stan Kaye and Susana Banerjee

34 Targeting the c–Met Kinase
Chad Tang, M. Angelica Cortez, David Hong, James W. Welsh

35 Kit kinase
Scott Woodman

36 TP53
Michael Andreef and Kensuke Kojima

Part 5: Future Perspectives

37 Future Perspectives
Apostalia M. Tsimberidou and Rabih Said

Index

Apostolia–Maria Tsimberidou, MD PhD
Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics
The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
Houston, TX, USA

Razelle Kurzrock
Center for Personalized Cancer Therapy, UC San Diego – Moores Cancer Center
La Jolla, CA, USA

Kenneth C. Anderson MD
LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics and Jerome Lipper Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA, USA