The Renal System at a Glance

The Renal System at a Glance is a highly illustrated and practical guide to the structure and function of the kidney, renal, and urinary system. It also covers related disorders and abnormalities and their treatment.

Fully updated to reflect the many exciting new developments in the understanding of nephrology, this new edition has been restructured to better integrate basic science and clinical examples to the medical school curricula. New chapters on glomerular filtration and global kidney medicine are included, while the latest guidance and approaches to acute kidney injury, chronic kidney diseases, and renal replacement therapy have also been incorporated.

The Renal System at a Glance:

Offers clear explanations on tricky topics such as electrolytes, fluid balance and acid–base handling Features new sections on glomerular filtration, and a new chapter on the global differences in kidney problems Includes cross–referencing between basic science and related clinical content Focuses on clinical disorders and investigations ideal for those embarking on medicine rotations Illustrates each topic in a double page spread, complete with charts, graphs, and photographs

This new edition is the perfect guide for medical students, junior doctors, and allied health professionals, including specialist nurses, who wish to learn, or refresh their knowledge, on the kidney and renal system in health and disease.

Preface

Introduction and how to use this book

Abbreviations

Glossary

Nomenclature

Normal values

About the companion website

Part 1: Introduction

1. The kidney: structural overview

2. The kidney: functional overview

3. Development of the renal system

4. Clinical features of kidney disease

5. The kidney: laboratory investigation and diagnostic imaging

Part 2: Filtration and blood flow

6. Renal vascular biology

7. Glomerular filtration

8. Renal vascular disease

9. Erythropoietin and anemia in renal disease

Part 3: Sodium and water

10. Renal sodium handling

11. The kidney and water handling

12. Regulation of body sodium and body water

13. Disorders of sodium and water metabolism

14. Hyponatremia and hypernatremia

15. The edema states: sodium and water retention (20)

Part 4: Potassium

16. Renal potassium handling

17. Regulation of potassium metabolism

18. Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia

Part 5: Acid–base

19. Renal acid–base and buffer concepts

20. Renal acid–base handling

21. Acid–base regulation and responses to acid–base disturbances

22. Clinical disorders of acid–base metabolism and metabolic acidosis

23. Metabolic alkalosis, respiratory acidosis and respiratory alkalosis

24. Renal tubular acidosis

Part 6: Divalent ions

25. Calcium, phosphate and magnesium metabolism

26. Regulation of divalent ions and disorders of phosphate and magnesium

27. Hypocalcemia and hypercalcemia

Part 7: Drugs and genetic disorders

28. Drug and organic molecule handling by the kidney

29. Renal pharmacology: diuretics

30. Hereditary disorders of tubular transport

31. Polycystic kidney disease

Part 8: Glomerular and tubulointerstitial disease

32. Glomerular disease: an overview

33. Glomerular pathologies and their associated diseases

34. Specific diseases affecting the glomeruli

35. Proteinuria and the nephrotic syndrome

36. Tubulointerstitial disease

Part 9: Systemic conditions and the renal system

37. Hypertension: causes and clinical evaluation

38. Hypertension: complications and therapy

39. Pregnancy and the renal system

40. Diabetes mellitus and the kidney

Part 10: Acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease

41. Acute kidney injury: pathophysiology

42. Acute kidney injury: clinical aspects

43. Chronic kidney disease and kidney function in the elderly

44. Severe chronic kidney disease and renal bone disease

45. Severe chronic kidney disease: clinical complications and their management

46. Treatment of kidney failure with dialysis

47. Peritoneal dialysis and continuous hemofiltration

48. Renal transplantation

49. Global kidney medicine

Part 11: Stones, infection and cancer

50. Urinary tract infection

51. Urinary tract stones

52. Urinary tract cancer

Self–assessment

Case studies and questions

Answers

Index