Cancer Stem Cells

Cancer Stem Cells covers a wide range of topics in cancer stem cell biology, including the functional characteristics of cancer stem cells and how they′re generated, where they are localized, the means by which cancer stem cells can be targeted, and how cancer stem cells can be reprogrammed back at least epigenetically  into non–tumor forming cells.   The book builds systematically from coverage of the basic research stage to an advanced research level, from clinical relevance to therapeutic potential, and will be a valuable resource for professionals in the fields of cancer research and stem cell biology.  “This book is both an elegant review and a practical guide to the exciting, and still largely uncharted, world of cancer stem cells . I praise the editor and the authors for this wonderful endeavor, rich of provocative ideas and challenging concepts, not only for a better understanding of basic cancer biology, but also for the future development of new, more effective, anti–tumor treatments.” Michael F. Clarke, MD., Stanford University   “This authoritative book, written by a range of world–leading cancer researchers, provides a comprehensive overview of the cancer stem cell, its microenvironment, and how these insights will lead to novel clinical strategies.” Hans Clevers, MD., PhD., Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht   “For those wanting to stay abreast of the field from a basic as well as a clinical perspective, this book will be a welcome read and resource.” Connie J. Eaves, PhD., FRSC., Terry Fox Laboratory, Vancouver  “This volume reports on many aspects of these cells in a variety of human tumors, justifying the notion that CSCs are likely to be important players in virtually all types of human tumors.” Robert A. Weinberg, PhD., Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

1. Cancer Stem Cells – From Identification To Isolation Evolution of Cancer Stem Cell Concept V.K. Rajasekhar and Piero Dalerba MSKCC Epiblast/Germ Line/ Trophoblastic theory of cancer development Mariusz Z. Ratajczak Epithelial Metaplasia–neoplastic transformation Philippe Delvenne Chromothrepsis–Role in Cancer and stem Cells Peter Campbell Cell of Origin in Cancers Jane E Visvader Tumor heterogeneity and correlation to cancer stem cell content Piero Paolo Di Fiore Hypoxic gradients and stem cell distribution and role in cancers Francesca Pistollato Critique on cancer stem cells Brent A Reynolds and M. Rahman Brent Methods in cancer stem cells V. K. Rajasekhar and Malcolm Moore 2. Stemness and Cancer stroma Cancer stem cells and Microenvironment Pradip Roy–Burman Reciprocal activation of cancer cells and cancer stroma–stimulation of stemness Paola Chiarugi 3. Cancer stem cells in organ cancers AML Craig Jordon and Christopher Park Basal Cell Carcinoma K. Sellheyer Bladder Cancer N.P. Mongan Cornell Medical School Brain Cancer Jeremy Rich Breast Cancer Michael Clarke Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Michael Deininger and Brian Druker Colon Cancer John Dick Gastric Cancer Deborah Gumucio Leukemia John E. Dick Lung Cancer Carla Kim Ovarian cancer Malcolm Moore Prostate cancer Owen Witte and Michael Shen 4. Reprogramming and Cancer Stem Cells Cancer stem cell generation in vitro Paola Scaffidi Reprogramming of cancer cells Jia–Lin Lee Factors in reprogramming of cancer cells Masaki Mori and Hideshi Ishii Sarcoma /Breast/Prostate Igor Matushansky Met Paolo M. Comoglio and Livio Trusolino Nanog DG. Tang Oct4 Jianwu Dai MYC M. C. Simon BMI–1 Owen Witte LGR5 Masaki Mori 5. Clinical Relevance and Minimal Residual Disease Oncogene relevance in cancer stem cells Isido Sanchez–Garcia Garcia Rationale and Strategies of therapeutic targeting of Cancer stem cells Ruggero De Matia Stem cells as emerging platform for antibody therapy Karen Aboody and Richard Frank Mesenchymal stem cells–Chemotherapy resistence Emile Voest Stem Cells and therapeutic guidance in cancers Emile Voest Acute Myeloid Leukemia Rajendra Majeti Breast Cancer Max Wicha and Gabriella Dontu University of Michigan Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) Michael Deininger and Brian Druker Colorectal Cancer Eduard Batlle del(5q) Myelodysplasia Sten Eirik Jacobsen Prostate Cancer V.K. Rajasekhar Pediatric Brain Cancer Richard Gilbertson Rectal Cancer Markus Frank

Dr. V.K. Rajasekhar , M.Sc., M.Phil., Ph.D., is a Senior Research Scientist at Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center, New York.  His work with patient derived prostate cancer stem cell xenografts, a first study in renewable Biobanking of these clinically relevant cells, has garnered eclectic post–publication reviews. Dr. Rajasekhar has received competitive research awards from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany, and the Robert A. Welch Foundation, Texas. He has conducted research at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, University of California at Irvine, University of Freiburg in Germany, etc., and taught at the University of California, Irvine and the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. Dr. Rajasekhar has served as a peer reviewer for several journals, including Stem Cells, Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences USA, Journal of Molecular Biology, Journal of Cell Biology, Neoplasia, etc. 

During the last decade, the conceptual themes of stem cell biology have been re–applied, with a new vigor, to the field of oncology. The idea that, similar to normal tissues, tumors can be viewed as “complex societies” , where different cell types are generated as the result of multi–lineage differentiation processes, and organize themselves in hierarchical structures, has now entered the realm of solid tumor biology, and altered the way we think of cancer as a disease. Most importantly, the possibility that tumor tissues, similar to normal ones, might be sustained in their long–term growth by a subset of cancer  cells endowed with stem cell properties (i.e. a mutated “cancer stem cell” population capable of both aberrant self–renewal as well as differentiation) has important implications for the future development of targeted therapies. In this beautiful book, Dr. Vinagolu K. Rajasekhar ( Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center – New York ) thoughtfully weaved together the perspectives and contributions from several of the leading scientists in the field. This book is both an elegant review and a practical guide to the exciting, and still largely uncharted, world of “cancer stem cells” . I praise the editor and the authors for this wonderful endeavor, rich of provocative ideas and challenging concepts, not only for a better understanding of basic cancer biology, but also for the future development of new, more effective, anti–tumor treatments. — Michael F. Clarke, MD., Stanford University, Stanford, CA. USA.  “The cancer stem cell (CSC) concept posits that not all cells in tumors are equal, but that dedicated cells fuel tumor growth. A major attraction of the CSC concept rests in the explanations it provides for several poorly understood clinical phenomena. The CSCs are built to last a life–time, to be resilient to electromagnetic and chemical insults, to be able to slumber for prolonged periods of time and to colonize other parts of the body. Thus, the CSC hypothesis explains why a cancer patient should never be considered cured, even when the initial response to radiation or chemo–therapy is encouragingly robust. The concept guides the development of more effective treatments, targeting the ‘beating heart’ of the tumor: the CSC. This authoritative book, written by a range of world–leading cancer researchers, provides a comprehensive overview of the cancer stem cell, its microenvironment, and how these insights will lead to novel clinical strategies.” — Hans Clevers, MD., PhD.,  Hubrecht Institute, Utrecht. The Netherlands.    “The nature and clinical relevance of cancer stem cells are timely topics covered with an appropriately broad and insightful brush in this comprehensive book devoted entirely to this subject. Chapters include emerging provocative evidence that a cancer stem cell, although still necessarily defined operationally, actually refers to a molecular state that may be unstable or altered reversibly. In this respect, the cancer stem cell field has entered a new era of complexity building on discoveries of concurrent intrinsic and extrinsic regulators of the stem cell state in normal tissues. Nevertheless, in spite of this evolution, many investigations in specific types of malignancies have proven useful and more are expected. For those wanting to stay abreast of the field from a basic as well as a clinical perspective, this book will be a welcome read and resource.” — Connie J. Eaves, PhD., FRSC., Terry Fox Laboratory, Vancouver, Canada. "Cancer stem cells have moved onto center stage for those who are interested in the behavior of solid tumors. In the context of carcinomas, these cells hold the prospect of explaining many aspects of the malignant behavior of high–grade tumor cells, including their metastatic dissemination and their responsiveness to a variety of therapies. Those who are interested in developing novel therapeutic strategies for treating solid tumors can no longer afford to ignore these important subpopulations of cancer cells, which increasingly appear to be critical determinants of the success or failure of existing treatments.  This volume reports on many aspects of these cells in a variety of human tumors, justifying the notion that CSCs are likely to be important players in virtually all types of human tumors." —Robert A. Weinberg, PhD., Whitehead Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge,  MA. USA .