Critical Care Medicine at a Glance

Critical Care Medicine at a Glance is an accessible introduction and revision text for junior clinicians. Fully revised and updated to reflect changes to the content and assessment methods used by medical schools and postgraduate training programmes, this at a Glance provides a user–friendly overview of critical care medicine to encapsulate all that the student needs to know. This new edition of Critical Care Medicine at a Glance : • Is fully revised and updated to increase coverage of a rapidly expanding area of medicine • Provides a simple and straightforward, yet rapid, introduction to the care of the acutely ill • Features new ′Pearls of Wisdom′, to aid learning and understanding • Includes Top Tips from the Royal College of Physicians throughout • Provides increased coverage of neurological emergencies, acute and abdominal emergencies, arrhythmias, imaging and fluid management Critical Care Medicine at a Glance is ideal for medical students, junior doctors, nurses, and other healthcare professionals expected to acquire the skills and knowledge needed to care for acutely ill patients.

Dedication Preface  Acknowledgements  Units, symbols and abbreviations  Part 1 General 1. Recognising the acutely unwell patient  2. Managing of the critically ill patient  3. Monitoring in critical care medicine  4. The electrocardiogram 5. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation  6. Oxygen transport 7. Shock  8. Circulatory assessment   9. Fluid management: pathophysiological factors  10. Fluid management: assessment and prescription 11. Fluid management: fluid choice 12. Inotropes and vasopressors  13. Failure of oxygenation and respiratory failure   14. Oxygenation and oxygen therapy  15. Airways obstruction and management  16. Non–invasive ventilation  17. Endotracheal intubation  18. Mechanical ventilation  19. Respiratory management, weaning and tracheostomy  20. Arterial blood gases and acid–base balance  21. Analgesia, sedation and paralysis  22. Enteral and parenteral nutrition   23. Hypothermia and hyperthermia  24. Assessment of the patient with suspected infection 25. Bacteraemia, SIRS and sepsis 26. Hospital–acquired (nosocomial) infections  27. Fever in the returning traveller 28. Fever (pyrexia) of unknown origin 29. End of life issues  Part 2 Medical Cardiac 30. Acute coronary syndromes I: clinical pathophysiology  31. Acute coronary syndromes II: investigations and management  32. Arrhythmia: tachyarrhythmia  33. Arrhythmia: bradyarrhythmia 34. Heart failure and pulmonary oedema  35. Cardiac emergencies  36. Deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism  Respiratory 37. Chest imaging and bronchoscopy 38. Community–acquired pneumonia  39. Hospital–acquired (nosocomial) pneumonia  40. Asthma  41. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease  42. Acute respiratory distress syndrome   43. Pneumothorax and air leaks  44. Respiratory emergencies  Renal and metabolic 45. Acute kidney injury: pathophysiology and clinical aspects  46. Acute kidney injury: management and renal replacement therapy  47. Electrolyte disturbance: sodium and potassium 48. Electrolyte disturbance: calcium 49. Electrolyte disturbance: magnesium and phosphate 50. Diabetic emergencies  51. Endocrine emergencies  Gastrointestinal 52. Gastrointestinal haemorrhage  53. Jaundice 54. Acute liver failure   55. Acute pancreatitis  56. Vomiting and intestinal obstruction 57. Diarrhoea 58. Ascites 59. Abdominal imaging Neurological 60. Acute confusional state, coma and status epilepticus  61. Stroke 62. Other cerebral vascular disorders 63. Infective neurological emergencies 64. Neuromuscular conditions  Infective 65. Specific bacterial infections 66. Common adult viral infections 67. Common fungal and protozoal infections 68. The immune compromised patient Other systems 69. Coagulation disorders and transfusion  70. Drug overdose and poisoning  Part 3 Surgical 71. Trauma  72. Head injury  73. Chest trauma  74. Acute abdominal emergencies  75. Obstetric emergencies  76. Burns, toxic inhalation and electrical injuries  Part 4 Self assessment Case studies and questions  Case studies answers  Appendices Appendix I: Classification of antiarrhythmic drugs  Appendix II: Acute injury network staging system 2008 for acute kidney injury  Appendix III: Rockall risk–scoring system for GI bleeds  Appendix IV: Child–Pugh grading  Appendix V: Typical criteria for liver transplantation  Appendix VI: RCP ten top nutrition tips Index