MicroRNAs in Medicine

A comprehensive review of the role and function of microRNAs in human health, and their potential as novel therapeutics Since their first formal recognition just over ten years ago, microRNAs (or miRNAs) have become one of the hottest subjects in science and medicine. MiRNAs are key players in practically every biological process examined to date—especially in the area of biomedicine, where miRNAs are recognized as essential physiological regulators and play crucial roles in a wide range of diseases including infectious diseases, hereditary disorders, immunological and heart disease, neurological and psychological disorders, and cancer. Written by an international team of renowned experts in the field, MicroRNAs in Medicine provides an easy access point into the current literature on miRNAs for both scientists and clinicians, with particular focus on their relevance to medicine. Beginning with an introduction to basic miRNA role and function, this text goes on to cover the importance of miRNAs in normal physiology, infectious and non-infectious diseases, cancer, circulating miRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers, and finally their potential as novel therapeutics. Starting with a Foreword by Sir David Baulcombe, one of the pioneers of miRNA discovery, MicroRNAs in Medicine provides in-depth and easily accessible coverage of the function of miRNAs in major aspects of medical science, including: Stem cell fate and reprogramming Adaptive and innate immunity Aging and senescence Hematopoiesis Viruses including HIV Malaria Cancer Hereditary disorders Cardiovascular diseases Diabetes Liver disease Neurological and psychological disorders Circulating miRNAs as cellular messengers and novel biomarkers Therapeutic use of miRNAs Accessible to both the experienced researcher and those newer to the field, this one-stop source of information is ideal for students, researchers, and clinicians.

MicroRNAs in Medicine Table of contents:   Foreword Prof. Sir David Baulcombe (University of Cambridge, UK)   Chapter 1. MicroRNAs: A brief introduction Prof. Charles H. Lawrie (Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain & University of Oxford, UK)   Section I: MicroRNAs as physiological regulators   Chapter 2. MicroRNA regulation of stem cell fate and reprogramming Dr Erica Vivas, Dr Gustavo Tiscornia & Prof. Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte . (Centre for Regenrative Medicine, Barcelona, Spain & Salk Institute for Biological Studies, California, USA)   Chapter 3. MicroRNAs as regulators of immunity Dr. Donald Gracias & Prof. Peter D. Katsikis (Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA)   Chapter 4. Regulation of senescence by microRNAs Dr Ioannis Grammatikakis & Dr Myriam Gorospe (National Institute of Aging, Baltimore, USA)   Chapter 5. The emergence of geroMIRS: A group of microRNAs implicated in aging Dr Alejandro Ugalde, Dr Agnieszka Kwarciak, Dr Xurde Caravia, Prof. Carlos Lopez–Otín & Dr Andrew Ramsay (University of Oviedo, Spain)   Chapter 6. MicroRNAs and hematopoiesis Dr Sukhinder Sandhu & Prof. Ramiro Garzon (Ohio State University, Ohio, USA)   Chapter 7. MicroRNAs in platelet production and activation Dr  Leonard Edelstein, Dr Srikanth Nagalla & Prof. Paul Bray (Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, USA)   Section II: MicroRNAs in infectious disease: host–pathogen interactions   Chapter 8. MicroRNAs as key players in host–virus interactions Dr Aurélie Fender & Dr Sébastien Pfeffer (University of Strasbourg, France)   Chapter 9. MicroRNA expression in avian herpesviruses Dr. Yongxiu Yao & Prof. Venugopal Nair (BBSRC Institute of Animal Health, Compton, UK) Chapter 10. Function of human cytomegalovirus microRNAs and potential roles in latency Dr Natalie Reynolds, Dr Jon Pavelin & Dr Finn Grey (University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK)   Chapter 11. Involvement of small non–coding RNA in HIV–1 infection – Dr Guihua Sun, Prof. John Rossi & Dr Daniela Castanotto (City of Hope National Medical Center, California, USA)   Chapter 12. MicroRNA in malaria Dr Panote Prapansilp & Prof. Gareth Turner (Mahidol University, Thailand & University of Oxford, UK)   Section III: Cancer   Chapter 13. The microRNA decalog of cancer involvement Dr Tanja Kunej, Dr Irena Godnic, Dr Minja Zorc, Dr Simon Horvat & Prof. George Calin (University of Ljubljana, Domzale, Slovenia; Rothamsted Research, Herts, UK; & MD Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA)   Chapter 14. MicroRNAs as oncogenes and tumor suppressors Dr Eva Rufino–Palomares, Dr Fernando Reyes–Zurita, Dr Jose Lupiáñez & Dr Pedro Medina (University of Granada, Spain)   Chapter 15. Long non–coding RNAs and their roles in cancer Dr Yolanda Sánchez & Dr Maite Huarte (University of Navarra, Spain)   Chapter 16. Regulation of hypoxia responses by microRNA expression Dr Carme Camps, Prof. Adrian Harris & Dr Jiannis Ragoussis (University of Oxford, UK)   Chapter 17. Control of receptor function by microRNAs in breast cancer Dr Claudia Piovan & Dr Marilena Iorio (Ohio State University, Ohio, USA & Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy)   Chapter 18 . MicroRNAs in human prostate cancer: From pathogenesis to therapeutic implications Dr. Mustafa Ozen & Dr Omer Karatas (Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey & Baylor College of Medicine, Texas, USA)   Chapter 19.  MicroRNA signatures as biomarkers of colorectal cancer – Dr Katrin Pfütze, Dr Xiaoya Luo & Prof. Barbara Burwinkel (University of Heidelberg, Germany)   Chapter 20. Genetic variations in microRNA–encoding sequences and microRNA target sites alter lung cancer susceptibility and survival Dr Min Yang & Prof. Dongxin Lin (Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China)   Chapter 21. MicroRNAs in myelopoiesis and myeloid disorders Dr Sara Meyer & Prof. Lee Grimes (Cincinnati Children′s Hospital Medical Center, Ohio, USA)   Chapter 22. MicroRNA deregulation by aberrant DNA methylation in acute lymphoblastic leukemia Dr Xabier Agirre & Dr Felipe Prósper (University of Navarra, Spain)   Chapter 23. Role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia Dr Veronica Balatti, Prof. Yuri Pekarky, Dr Lara Rizzotto & Prof. Carlo Croce (Ohio State University, Ohio, USA)   Chapter 24. MicroRNA in B–cell non–Hodgkin lymphoma: Diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets Dr Nerea Martínez, Dr Lorena Di Lisio & Prof. Miguel Piris (Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain)   Chapter 25. MicroRNAs in diffuse large B–cell lymphoma Prof. Izidore Lossos & Dr Alvaro Alencar (University of Miami, Florida, USA)   Chapter 26. The role of microRNAs in Hodgkin lymphoma Dr. Wouter Plattel,  Dr. Joost Kluiver, Dr Arjan Diepstra, Dr Lydia Visser & Prof. Anke van den Berg (University of Groningen, The Netherlands)   Chapter 27. MicroRNA expression in cutaneous T–cell lymphomas ­ Prof. Cornelis Tensen (University of Leiden, The Netherlands)     Section IV: Hereditary and other non–infectious diseases   Chapter 28. MicroRNAs and hereditary disorders Dr Matías Morín and Prof. Miguel Moreno–Pelayo (Ramón y Cajal Institute of Health Research, Madrid, Spain)   Chapter 29. MicroRNAs and cardiovascular diseases Prof. Koh Ono (Kyoto University, Japan)   Chapter 30. MicroRNAs and diabetes Prof. Ramono Regazzi (University of Lausanne, Switzerland)         Chapter 31. MicroRNAs in liver disease Dr Patricia Munoz–Garrido, Dr Marco Marzioni, Dr Elizabeth Hijona, Dr Luis Bujanda & Dr Jesus Banales (Biodonostia Research Institute, San Sebastián, Spain & Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy)   Chapter 32. MicroRNA regulation in multiple sclerosis Dr Andreas Junker (Georg–August University, Göttingen, Germany)   Chapter 33. The role of microRNAs in Alzheimer’s disease Dr Shahar Barbash & Prof. Hermona Soreq (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel)   Chapter 34 . Current views on the role microRNAs in psychosis Dr Aoife Kearney, Dr Javier Bravo & Prof. Timothy Dinan (University of Cork, Ireland)   Section V: Circulating microRNAs as cellular messengers and novel biomarkers   Chapter 35. Circulating microRNAs as non–invasive biomarkers Ass. Prof. Heidi Schwarzenbach & Prof. Klaus Pantel (University Medical Center Hamburg, Germany)   Chapter 36. Circulating microRNAs as cellular messengers Prof. Kasey Vickers (Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Tennessee, USA)   Chapter 37. Release of microRNA–containing vesicles can stimulate angiogenesis and metastasis in renal carcinoma Dr Federica Collino, Dr Cristina Grange & Prof. Giovanni Camussi (Centre for Research in Experimental Medicine, Turin, Italy)   Section VI: Therapeutic uses of microRNAs: Current perspectives and future directions   Chapter 38. MicroRNA regulation of cancer stem cells and microRNAs as potential cancer stem cell therapeutics Dr Can Liu & Prof. Dean Tang (M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Texas, USA)   Chapter 39. Therapeutic modulation of microRNAs Prof. A ch im A igner & Dr Hannelore Dassow (University of Leipzig, Germany)   Chapter 40 . Silencing of MicroRNA–122 in primates with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection Dr Henrik Ørum (Santaris Pharma, Denmark)