Fraud Analytics: Strategies and Methods for Detection and Prevention

Praise for Fraud Analytics "In Fraud Analytics , Delena Spann meticulously reminds us that technology has redesigned the world for the good guys and the crooks. If law enforcement is to keep up, then we must utilize the best tools to thwart the efforts of white-collar criminals whose impact devastates our economy. She articulately and technically apprises the good guys on how to detect the practices of America's most prolific criminals. This is a must-have book." —Dr. Jeffrey Dean Swain, JD, PhD, Criminal and Constitutional Law, Florida Memorial University "As a professor of audit and forensic accounting, Fraud Analytics is the reference book I have been waiting for. Clear, no-nonsense instructions will allow me to use this text in my graduate and undergraduate fraud detection courses as the one guide to forensic tools and fraud-fighting strategies." —Peg Berezewski, CFE, CGMA, CPA, Professor, Robert Morris University, Illinois "At last! We finally we have a definitive, understandable book written about the technical subject of fraud analytics. Delena Spann shares her expertise with us through clear explanations and case studies. Having been associated with Ms. Spann for fifteen years, I am pleased that her insights are communicated with this valuable book for fraud examiners, auditors, and financial investigators. We are utilizing her analyses with our clients and in our seminars." —David S. Marshall, MBA, CFE, CISA, Principal, Infotech Global Audit and Security, Inc., and Corporate Compliance Seminars; President, Greater Chicago Chapter, Association of Certified Fraud Examiners "This book is an outstanding primer in the area of fraud analytics. It provides a significant overview of the threats and impact that fraud has on the private and public sectors as well as identifies and describes current solutions and analytic techniques to address this. Fraud Analytics is a terrific contribution to the national security community and more specifically to anyone interested in fighting fraud." —Jill D. Rhodes, JD, LLM, Vice President and Chief Information Security Officer, Trustmark Companies; former executive, Senior National Intelligence Service

Foreword xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Chapter 1: The Schematics of Fraud and Fraud Analytics 1 How Do We Define Fraud Analytics? 2 Mining the Field: Fraud Analytics in its New Phase 6 How Do We Use Fraud Analytics? 10 Fraud Detection 10 How Do We Define Fraud Analytics? 12 Fraud Analytics Refined 12 Notes 13 Chapter 2: The Evolution of Fraud Analytics 15 Why Use Fraud Analytics? 17 The Evolution Continues 19 Fraud Prevention and Detection in Fraud Analytics 19 Incentives, Pressures, and Opportunities 21 Notes 22 Chapter 3: The Analytical Process and the Fraud Analytical Approach 23 The Turn of The Analytical Wheel 23 It Takes More Than One Step 24 Probabilities of Fraud and Where it All Begins 28 What Should the Fraud Analytics Process Look Like? 29 Data Analytics Exposed 31 Notes 32 Chapter 4: Using ACL Analytics in the Face of Excel 33 The Devil Remains in the Details 50 Notes 55 Chapter 5: Fraud Analytics versus Predictive Analytics 57 Overview of Fraud Analysis and Predictive Analysis 58 Comparing and Contrasting Methodologies 60 13 Step Score Development versus Fraud Analysis 64 CRISP–DM versus Fraud Data Analysis 66 SAS/SEMMA versus Fraud Data Analysis 68 Conflicts within Methodologies 69 Composite Methodology 70 Comparing and Contrasting Predictive Modeling and Data Analysis 72 Notes 76 Chapter 6: CaseWare IDEA Data Analysis Software 77 Detecting Fraud with IDEA 79 Fraud Analysis Points of IDEA 82 Correlation, Trend Analysis, and Time Series Analysis 83 What is IDEA’s Purpose? 83 A Simple Scheme: The Purchase Fraud of an Employee as a Vendor 86 Stages of Using IDEA 87 Notes 89 Chapter 7: Centrifuge Analytics: Is Big Data Enough? 91 Sophisticated Link Analysis 92 The Challenge with Anti–Counterfeiting 93 Interactive Analytics: The Centrifuge Way 93 Fraud Analysis with Centrifuge VNA 95 The Fraud Management Process 100 Notes 105 Chapter 8: i2 Analyst′s Notebook: The Best in Fraud Solutions 107 Rapid Investigation of Fraud and Fraudsters 108 i2 Analyst’s Notebook 109 i2 Analyst’s Notebook and Fraud Analytics 113 How to Use i2 Analyst’s Notebook: Fraud Financial Analytics 116 Using i2 Analyst’s Notebook in a Money–Laundering Scenario 121 Notes 125 Chapter 9: The Power to Know Big Data: SAS Visual Analytics and Actionable Intelligence Technologies’ Financial Investigative Software 127 The SAS Way 127 Actionable Intelligence Technologies’ Financial Investigative Software 130 A Case in Point 132 Notes 135 Chapter 10: New Trends in Fraud Analytics and Tools 137 The Many Faces of Fraud Analytics 137 The Paper Chase is Over 138 To Be or Not to Be 140 Raytheon’s VisuaLinks 143 FICO Insurance Fraud Manager 3.3 145 IBM i2 iBASE 146 Palantir Tech 147 Fiserv’s AML Manager 148 Notes 148 About the Author 151 Index 153    

DELENA D. SPANN, MSc, CFE, is employed with the United States Secret Service, Chicago Field Office, where she is assigned to the Electronic and Financial Crimes Task Force. Spann routinely serves on high-profile financial crimes investigations that include detecting red flags, trends, and anomalies in complex financial transactions. She is frequently called upon as a guest speaker on her expertise in fraud analytics and financial crimes. She is dedicated to the study of white-collar crime. Spann holds a bachelor's degree in liberal studies from Barry University and a master of science degree in criminal justice administration from Florida International University. She is Board of Regent (Emeritus), an Advisory Board Member, and Higher Education Committee Member of the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners; a Board of Director of ASIS International Economic Crime Council; Education Task Force Member of the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists; Advisory Board Member at Robert Morris University; Executive Director of the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners, Greater Chicago Chapter; a Threat Finance Task Force Member of the Association of Certified Financial Crimes Specialists; and Board of Director (Emeritus), Step Women's Network of Chicago. Spann also serves as an adjunct professor at the university/college level.