Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems: Strategies, Technologies, and Applications

Frank discussions of opportunities and challenges pointthe way to new, more effective drug delivery systems

Interest in nanomedicine has grown tremendously, fueled by theexpectation that continued research will lead to the safe,efficient, and cost–effective delivery of drugs or imaging agentsto human tissues and organs. The field, however, has faced severalchallenges attempting to translate novel ideas into clinicalbenefits. With contributions from an international team of leadingnanomedicine researchers, this book provides a practical assessmentof the possibilities and the challenges of modern nanomedicine thatwill enable the development of clinically effective nanoparticulatedrug delivery products and systems.

Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems focuses on therationales and preclinical evaluation of new nanoparticulate drugcarriers that have yet to be thoroughly reviewed in the literature.The first chapter sets the stage with a general overview oftargeted nanomedicine. The book then explores new and promisingnanoparticulate drug delivery systems, including:

Lipid nanoparticles for the delivery of nucleic acids Multifunctional dendritic nanocarriers Polymer drug nanoconjugates

Next, the book presents new opportunities and challenges fornanoparticulate drug delivery systems, including:

Clearance of nanoparticles during circulation Drug delivery strategies for combatting multiple drugresistance Toxicological assessment of nanomedicine

Chapters offer state–of–the–technology reviews with extensivereferences to facilitate further investigation. Moreover, eachchapter concludes with an expert assessment of remainingchallenges, pointing the way to solutions and new avenues ofresearch.

With its frank discussions of opportunities and challenges,Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Systems sets a solidfoundation for new research leading to the discovery anddevelopment of better nanomedicines.

Preface vii

Contributors ix

1 Tumor–Targeted Nanoparticles: State–of–the–Art and RemainingChallenges 1
Gaurav Bajaj and Yoon Yeo

2 Applications of Ligand–Engineered Nanomedicines 21
Gayong Shim, Joo Yeon Park, Lee Dong Roh, Yu–Kyoung Oh, andSangbin Lee

3 Lipid Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Nucleic Acids 51
Yuhua Wang and Leaf Huang

4 Photosensitive Liposomes as Potential Targeted TherapeuticAgents 81
David H. Thompson, Pochi Shum, Oleg V. Gerasimov, and MarquitaQualls

5 Multifunctional Dendritic Nanocarriers: The Architecture andApplications in Targeted Drug Delivery 101
Ryan M. Pearson, Jin Woo Bae, and Seungpyo Hong

6 Chitosan–Based Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications129
Heebeom Koo, Kuiwon Choi, Ick Chan Kwon, and KwangmeyungKim

7 Polymer Drug Nanoconjugates 151
Rong Tong, Li Tang, Nathan P. Gabrielson, Qian Yin, and JianjunCheng

8 Nanocrystals Production, Characterization, and Application forCancer Therapy 183
Christin P. Hollis and Tonglei Li

9 Clearance of Nanoparticles During Circulation 209
Seung–Young Lee and Ji–Xin Cheng

10 Drug Delivery Strategies for Combating Multiple DrugResistance 241
Joseph W. Nichols and You Han Bae

11 Intracellular Trafficking of Nanoparticles: Implications forTherapeutic Efficacy of the Encapsulated Drug 261
Lin Niu and Jayanth Panyam

12 Toxicological Assessment of Nanomedicine 281
Hayley Nehoff, Sebastien Taurin, and Khaled Greish

Index 307

YOON YEO, PhD, is Assistant Professor of Industrial andPhysical Pharmacy at the College of Pharmacy at Purdue University.She also holds a joint appointment as Assistant Professor atPurdue′s Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering. Her researchfocuses on nanoparticle surface engineering for drug delivery tosolid tumors, inhalable drug/gene delivery for cystic fibrosistherapy, and functional biomaterials based on carbohydrates. Dr.Yeo is the recipient of the NSF CAREER Award as well as NewInvestigator awards from both the American Association ofPharmaceutical Scientists and the American Association of Collegesof Pharmacy.