Fundamentals of Power Integrity for Computer Platforms and Systems

An all–encompassing text that focuses on the fundamentals of power integrity Power integrity is the study of power distribution from the source to the load and the system level issues that can occur across it. For computer systems, these issues can range from inside the silicon to across the board and may egress into other parts of the platform, including thermal, EMI, and mechanical. With a focus on computer systems and silicon level power delivery, this book sheds light on the fundamentals of power integrity, utilizing the authors extensive background in the power integrity industry and unique experience in silicon power architecture, design, and development. Aimed at engineers interested in learning the essential and advanced topics of the field, this book offers important chapter coverage of fundamentals in power distribution, power integrity analysis basics, system–level power integrity considerations, power conversion in computer systems, chip–level power, and more. Fundamentals of Power Integrity for Computer Platforms and Systems: Introduces readers to both the field of power integrity and to platform power conversion Provides a unique focus on computer systems and silicon level power delivery unavailable elsewhere Offers detailed analysis of common problems in the industry Reviews electromagnetic field and circuit representation Includes a detailed bibliography of references at the end of each chapter Works out multiple example problems within each chapter Including additional appendixes of tables and formulas, Fundamentals of Power Integrity for Computer Platforms and Systems is an ideal introductory text for engineers of power integrity as well as those in the chip design industry, specifically physical design and packaging.

Foreword by James L. Knighten xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xv Acronyms xvii 1 Introduction to Power Integrity 1 1.1 Definition for Power Integrity, 2 1.2 Historical Perspective on Power Integrity Drivers, 3 1.3 First Principles Analysis, 6 1.4 Scope of the Text, 13 References, 15 2 Introduction to Platform Power Conversion 16 2.1 Power Distribution System, 17 2.2 Platform DC–to–DC Power Conversion, 21 2.3 Layout and Noise Considerations, 48 2.4 Summary, 50 References, 51 Problems, 51 3 Review of Electromagnetic Field and Circuit Representations 53 3.1 Vectors and Scalars, 54 3.2 Static Fields, 60 3.3 Maxwell’s Equations, 74 3.4 Useful and Simple Circuit Extractions, 79 3.5 Summary, 84 References, 85 Problems, 86 4 Power Distribution Network 88 4.1 The Power Distribution Network, 89 4.2 PDN Elements, 94 4.3 Impedance Distribution Analysis, 117 4.4 Summary, 127 References, 128 Problems, 129 5 Power Integrity Time–Domain and Boundary Analysis 131 5.1 Source and Load Modeling, 131 5.2 Time–Dependent Systems, 152 5.3 Impedance/Load Boundary Analysis, 158 5.4 Summary, 165 References, 166 Problems, 167 6 System Considerations for Power Integrity 168 6.1 Power Loadline Fundamentals, 169 6.2 Noise Generation Considerations in Power Integrity, 181 6.3 Power Noise Reduction Techniques, 196 6.4 EMI Considerations for Power Integrity, 199 6.5 Power Integrity PDN in System Measurements, 205 6.6 Summary, 207 References, 208 Problems, 210 7 Silicon Power Distribution and Analysis 211 7.1 Silicon and Package Power Integrity, 212 7.2 Silicon and Package Power Delivery, 232 7.3 On–die Decoupling, 237 7.4 Advanced Topics in Power on Silicon, 242 7.5 Summary, 244 References, 245 Problems, 246 Appendix A Table of Inductances for Commonly Used Geometries 247 Appendix B Spherical Coordinate System 250 Appendix C Vector Identities and Formulae 252 Index 255

J. TED DIBENE II, PhD, is a Senior Power Architect at Intel Corporation. His main focus is in the area of power management and power delivery for advanced microprocessors, SoCs, and other silicon devices. Prior to joining Intel, Dr. DiBene held the position of CTO at INCEP Technologies Inc., which he cofounded in 1999.