Designing Interiors

Now Updated! The classic introduction to interior design Highly acclaimed, Designing Interiors opened up the world of interior design for a generation of professionals. Now, the Second Edition is poised to usher in a new era of design and a new generation of interior designers. This comprehensive revision includes a brand new introduction to non–Western design, preparing readers to enter the profession in a global millennium. This new section on non–European interiors covers design and architecture in Africa, China, Japan, India, the Islamic world, and the Pre–Columbian Americas. Readers will also learn about European design from the Classical period through the Victorian age. Designing Interiors , Second Edition provides vital information on 21st century design trends and key issues related to building codes. Most importantly, Designing Interiors covers the one issue no one can ignore today: sustainability. This Second Edition provides detailed information on the sustainability concerns of wood, masonry, ceramics, plastics, and other materials. This book introduces key fundamentals, including: Principles of design Color and light The design process and programming Residential & commercial interiors Codes and regulations Materials, furniture, and lighting Globalization and Social Responsibility Business management Environmentally responsive design For the big–picture understanding of 21st century demands, a complete grasp of sustainable architecture and interiors is vitaland also included in the Second Edition of Designing Interiors .

PREFACE CHAPTER 1 INTERIOR DESIGN: AN INTRODUCTION CURRENT ISSUES IN DESIGN Universal Design Globalization Sustainable Design HISTORICAL OVERVIEW Before the Nineteenth Century The Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Decorating and Integrated Design INTERIOR DESIGN AS A PROFESSION The Interior Designer Allied Professions Professional Societies ENTERING THE FIELD OF INTERIOR DESIGN Academic Preparation Work Experience and Internships Career Opportunities LICENSING INTERIOR DESIGNERS CHAPTER 2 THE ORIGINS OF DESIGN THE MEANING AND ESSENCE OF DESIGN Originality in Design Functional and Visual Design Concepts THE DEVELOPMENT OF DESIGN Context, Container, and Contents Design and Style DESIGN HISTORY Ancient Design The Middle Ages The Renaissance, 1400–1700 Early American Architecture and Interiors The Neoclassic Period and Other Revivals The Victorian Era, 1830–1901 NON–EUROPEAN ARCHITECTURE AND INTERIORS Africa – prehistory to present ISLAMIC DESIGN, 622 – Present China – 4,000 B.C. to 1912 A.D. Japan – prehistory to present India – 2500 B.C. to 19th century Pre–Columbian Era – 300 B.C.–1570 B.C. CHAPTER 3 THE EVOLUTION OF MODERN DESIGN NEW TECHNOLOGY – INNOVATIVE DESIGN Michael Thonet, 1796–1871 Shaker Furniture, 1747–c.1860 The Arts and Crafts Movement, 1860–1900 Art Nouveau, 1890–1905 The Vienna Secession Movement, 1897–1911 THE TWENTIETH CENTURY Pioneers of Modernism de Stijl, 1917–1931 Bauhaus, 1919–1933 International Style Art Deco, 1925–1940 MODERNISM Early Modernism, 1930–1950 Middle Modernism, 1950–1970 Design Trends in the Millennium FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS Globalization Interactive Design Environmental Responsibility in design More for Less Social Responsibility User Participation CHAPTER 4 THE BASIC THEORIES OF DESIGN COMPOSITION DESIGN APPROACHES Structural Design Decorative or Applied Design Naturalistic Design Organic Design Geometric Design Abstract Design Metamorphic Design THE ELEMENTS OF DESIGN Space Line Form Shape Texture Time THE PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN Balance Rhythm Emphasis Proportion Scale Unity and Harmony Variety CHAPTER 5 COLOR AND LIGHT Light Sources Modifiers of Light Human Vision and Perception COLOR THEORY AND SYSTEMS Additive Method of Mixing Light Subtractive Method of Mixing Light Paint–Color Mixing Color Properties Color Systems Color Schemes PSYCHOLOGY OF COLOR COLOR PERCEPTION COLOR APPLICATION IN INTERIORS COMMUNICATING COLOR DECISIONS CHAPTER 6 DESIGN AS A PROCESS THE DESIGN PROCESS: THE SEQUENTIAL STEPS Commit (Accept the Problem) State (Define the Problem) Collect (Gather the Facts) Analyze Ideate Choose (Select the Best Option) Implement (Take Action) Evaluate (Critically Review) CHAPTER 7 PROGRAMMING INTERIOR SPACES VALUES IN PROGRAMMING THE PROGRAMMING PROCESS – THE SEQUENTIAL STEPS Establish the Goals Research, Gather and Analyze Facts Specify Needs Evaluate Organize and Decide Present Conclusions CHAPTER 8 SPACE PLANNING OF RESIDENTIAL INTERIORS INTRODUCTION TO SPACE PLANNING Space Planners and Interior Design Categories of Interior Spaces PLANNING RESIDENTIAL SPACES Planning Guidelines SPACE ORGANIZATION Closed Planning Open Planning INTERIOR ZONING Group/Social Spaces Private Zones Transitional Spaces and Circulation SPECIAL HOUSING NEEDS Accessibility and Adaptable Housing Housing for the Elderly CHAPTER 9 SPACE PLANNING OF COMMERCIAL INTERIORS OFFICE DESIGN Historical Development Spatial Organization FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS Spatial Organization RETAIL DESIGN Spatial Organization HOSPITALITY DESIGN Restaurants Hotels, Motels, Inns, Bed & Breakfast, Hostels Theaters, Concert Halls, Auditoriums, Arenas Recreational HEALTHCARE DESIGN INSTITUTIONAL, PUBLIC, GOVERNMENT, AND OTHER FACILITIES Schools, Colleges, and Universities Public and Government RELIGIOUS INDUSTRIAL AND TRANSPORTATION SPECIALIZED INTERIORS CHAPTER 10 ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS, CODES, AND REGULATIONS THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT: INFLUENCES ON INTERIORS Environmental Planning LAND USE AND DEVELOPMENT Urban Planning Cluster Planning Specialized Planning New Towns Zoning FORM DETERMINANTS FOR BUILDINGS Site Planning Site Analysis Building Siting and Design BUILDING CODES Building Codes and Interiors Fire Resistance, Safety, and Fire Protection ACCESSIBILTY BARRIER·FREE ACCESS General Guidelines HISTORIC PRESERVATION, RESTORATION, AND ADAPTIVE REUSE Background Landmarks: Districts and Buildings′ Historic Buildings and Interiors CHAPTER 11 INTERIOR ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL AND SUPPORT SYSTEMS ENERGY CONSERVATION AND CLIMATE CONTROL The Human Comfort Zone SOLAR ENERGY AND INTERIORS ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS FOR BUILDINGS WATER USE IN BUILDINGS MECHANICAL CONVEYING SYSTEMS ACOUSTICS CHAPTER 12 LIGHTING FOR INTERIORS NATURAL LIGHT Controlling Daylight ARTIFICIAL LIGHT The Measurement of Light ARTIFICIAL LIGHT SOURCES Incandescent Lamps Electric Discharge Sources Color Appearance of Light LIGHTING NEEDS AND APPLICATION Lighting for Special Groups General or Ambient Lighting Task Lighting Accent or Special Emphasis Lighting LIGHTING FIXTURES AND TECHNIQUES Manufactured Luminaires Spatially Integrated Lighting Systems Portable Lighting Fixtures ELECTRICAL CONTROLS FOR LIGHTING INTERIOR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING Office Lighting Retail Lighting Restaurant Lighting Healthcare Facilities Lighting LIGHTING CODES AND REGULATIONS CHAPTER 13 MATERIALS: CHARACTERISTICS AND APPLICATIONS INTRODUCTION TO SELECTING MATERIALS Materials, Environmental Concerns, and Sustainability Natural Materials Converted Materials Artificial Materials Material Selection WOOD Physical Properties Hardwoods and Softwoods Wood Layering Designing with Wood Wood Finishes MASONRY Stone Brick Concrete Masonry Units Glass Block CONCRETE Cement Manufacturing Plaster, Stucco, and Synthetic Mixtures CERAMICS Earthenware and Stoneware Porcelain and China Ceramic Tiles GLASS Manufactured Glass Architectural Glass Decorative Glass METALS Ferrous (Iron Bearing) Metals Nonferrous Metals Finishing and Coating Metals PLASTICS Thermoplastics and Thermoset Plastic Plastic Fabrication Plastic Laminates Solid Surface Materials Carbon Fiber TEXTILES Selection and Application of Fabrics Fibers Yarns Textile Construction Textile Colorants Fabric Finishes Textiles for Interiors MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS Rubber, Cork, and Leather Paint and Related Coatings CHAPTER 14 ARCHITECTURAL SYSTEMS AND INTERIOR FINISHES SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURE AND ENGINEERING BUILDING SHELL AND STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS Structural Design Structural Characteristics of Materials Basic Structural Elements Structural Systems FLOOR SYSTEMS Wood Floor Systems Steel Floor Systems Concrete Floor Systems Specialized Floor Systems FLOOR FINISHES AND SPECIFICATION CRITERIA Hard Flooring Resilient Flooring Soft Floor Coverings WALL SYSTEMS Wall Construction WALL FINISHES AND SPECIFICATION CRITERIA CEILING SYSTEMS Ceiling Construction Ceiling Surface Materials CHAPTER 15 INTERIOR COMPONENTS STAIRS Stair Construction and Design DOORS Door Types Door Styles and Construction DOOR FRAMES AND HARDWARE WINDOWS Window Types Window Construction INTERIOR WINDOW TREATMENTS Functional Considerations Aesthetic Factors Cost Factors Types of Window Treatments CABINETRY Cabinet Specifications Cabinet Construction Cabinet Hardware Cabinet Tops FIREPLACES Fireplace Construction Fireplace Types Fireplace Locations CHAPTER 16 FURNITURE DESIGNING WITH FURNITURE Programming for Furniture Space Planning and Furniture Furniture Plans, and Panel Installation SELECTION CRITERIA FOR FURNITURE Function Furniture for Special Groups Design Characteristics Life Cycle Assessments and Costs FURNITURE TYPES Seating Tabular Units (Tables) Sleeping Units Storage Units Task Units (Desks) Systems Furniture Specialized Furniture FURNITURE MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION Wood Metals Plastics Upholstered Furniture CHAPTER 17 FURNISHINGS AND EQUIPMENT FURNISHINGS Accessories Artwork Plants Signage and Graphics EQUIPMENT Residential Equipment Office Equipment Healthcare Equipment Hospitality Equipment Retail Equipment Institutional Equipment CHAPTER 18 DESIGN COMMUNICATION DRAWING AS DESIGN COMMUNICATION Architectural Graphics Architectural Drawings Three–Dimensional Drawings DIGITAL MEDIA FOR DESIGN COMMUNICATION Photography Videos MODELS AS DESIGN COMMUNICATION Conceptual Models Study Models Presentation Models Building the Model MATERIALS, TECHNIQUES, AND REPRODUCTION Drawing Papers and Boards Drawing and Lettering Aids Blueprints and Photographic Reproduction ORAL AND WRITTEN COMMUNICATION Oral Dialogue Written Communication COMPUTERS IN INTERIOR DESIGN Computer Digital Manipulation Data Bases and Spreadsheets Word Processing PUTTING THE PRESENTATION TOGETHER CHAPTER 19 THE PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE OF INTERIOR DESIGN: BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT INTERIOR DESIGN AS A BUSINESS Residential and Nonresidential Practice Specialization Type of Services Offered Entering the Business World BUSINESS OPERATIONS Types of Business Organizations Operational Goals and Objectives Marketing, Public Relations, Ethics Business Consultants Fees and Compensation Contractual Agreements Bookkeeping and Accounting PROJECT MANAGEMENT Design Teams and Staff Organization Project Consultants and Resources The Client′s Budget and Costs Project Scheduling Professionalism and Regulation in Interior Design

ROSEMARY KILMER, ASID, IDEC, LEED AP, and W. OTIE KILMER, AIA, are both Professors Emeritis of interior design at Purdue University. Rosemary Kilmer has served on the Board of Directors for the NCIDQ exam. She is also a member of professional associations, as well as being an Accredited LEED Professional. W. Otie Kilmer has taught design and drawing for over 30 years. His successful career as an architect and interior designer has included work with high–profile international design firms. The authors lead their own design practice, Kilmer and Associates.