Deep Carbon

Carbon is one of the most important elements of our planet, and ninety percent of it resides inside Earths interior. This book summarizes ten years of research by scientists involved in the Deep Carbon Observatory, a global community of 1200 scientists. It is a comprehensive guide to carbon inside Earth, including its quantities, movements, forms, origins, changes over time, and impact on planetary processes. Leading experts from a variety of fields, including geoscience, biology, chemistry, and physics, provide exciting new insights into the interconnected nature of the global carbon cycle, and explain why it matters to the past, present, and future of our planet. With end-of-chapter problems, illustrative infographics, full-color images, and access to online models and datasets, it is a valuable reference for graduate students, researchers, and professional scientists interested in carbon cycling and Earth system science. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

1. Introduction to Deep Carbon: Past to Present Beth N. Orcutt, Isabelle Daniel, Rajdeep Dasgupta, Darlene Trew Crist and Marie Edmonds; 2. Origin and early differentiation of carbon and associated life-essential volatile elements on Earth Rajdeep Dasgupta and Damanveer S. Grewal; 3. Carbon versus other light elements in Earth's Core Jie Li, Bin Chen, Mainak Mookherjee and Guillaume Morard; 4. Carbon-bearing phases throughout Earth's interior: evolution through space and time Vincenzo Stagno, Valerio Cerantola, Sonja Aulbach, Sergey Lobanov, Catherine A. McCammon and Marco Merlini; 5. Diamonds and the mantle geodynamics of carbon: deep mantle carbon evolution from the diamond record Steven B. Shirey, Karen V. Smit, D. Graham Pearson, Michael J. Walter, Sonja Aulbach, Frank E. Brenker, Helene Bureau, Antony D. Burnham, Pierre Cartigny, Thomas Chacko, Daniel J. Frost, Erik H. Hauri, Dorrit E. Jacob, Steven D. Jacobsen, Simon C. Kohn, Robert W. Luth, Sami Mikhail, Oded Navon, Fabrizio Nestola, Paolo Nimis, Evan M. Smith, Thomas Stachel, Vincenzo Stagno, Andrew Steele, Emilie Thomassot, Andrew R. Thomson and Yakov Weiss; 6. CO2-rich melts in the Earth Gregory Yaxley, Sujoy Ghosh, Ekaterina Kiseeva, Ananya Mallik, Carl Spandler, Andrew R. Thomson and Michael J. Walter; 7. The link between physical and chemical properties of carbon-bearing melts and its application for geophysical image of the Earth's mantle Fabrice Gaillard, Nicolas Sator, Emmanuel Gardes, Bertrand Guillot, Malcolm Massuyeau, David Sifre, Tahar Hammouda and Guillaume Richard; 8. Carbon dioxide emissions from subaerial volcanic regions: two decades in review Cynthia Werner, Tobias P. Fischer, Alessandro Aiuppa, Marie Edmonds, Carlo Cardellini, Simon Carn, Giovanni Chiodini, Elizabeth Cottrell, Mike Burton, Hiroshi Shinohara and Patrick Allard; 9. Carbon in the convecting mantle Erik H. Hauri, Elizabeth Cottrell, Katherine A. Kelley, Jonathan M. Tucker, Kei Shimizu, Marion Le Voyer, Jared Marske and Alberto E. Saal; 10. How do subduction zones regulate the carbon cycle? Matthieu Emmanuel Galvez and Manuel Pubellier; 11. A framework for understanding whole Earth carbon cycling Cin-Ty A. Lee, Hehe Jiang, Rajdeep Dasgupta and Mark Torres; 12. The influence of nanoporosity on the behavior of carbon-bearing fluids David Cole and Alberto Striolo; 13. A two-dimensional perspective on CH4 isotope clumping: distinguishing process from source Edward D. Young; 14. Earth as organic chemist Everett Shock, Christiana Bockisch, Charlene Estrada, Kristopher Fecteau, Ian R. Gould, Hilairy Hartnett, Kristin Johnson, Kirtland Robinson, Jessie Shipp and Lynda Williams; 15. New perspectives on abiotic organic synthesis and processing during hydrothermal alteration of the oceanic lithosphere Muriel Andreani and Benedicte Menez; 16. Carbon in the deep biosphere: forms, fates, and biogeochemical cycling Susan Q. Lang, Magdalena R. Osburn and Andrew D. Steen; 17. Biogeography, ecology and evolution of deep life Cara Magnabosco, Jennifer F. Biddle, Charles S. Cockell, Sean P. Jungbluth and Katrina I. Twing; 18. The genetics, biochemistry, and biophysics of carbon cycling by deep life Karen G. Lloyd, Cody S. Sheik, Bertrand Garcia-Moreno and Catherine A. Royer; 19. Energy limits for life in the subsurface Doug LaRowe and Jan Amend; 20. Deep carbon through deep time: data-driven insights Robert M. Hazen, Yana Bromberg, Robert T. Downs, Ahmed Eleish, Paul G. Falkowski, Peter Fox, Donato Giovannelli, Daniel R. Hummer, Grethe Hystad, Joshua J. Golden, Andrew H. Knoll, Congrui Li, Chao Liu, Eli K. Moore, Shaunna M. Morrison, A. D. Muscente, Anirudh Prabhu, Jolyon Ralph, Michelle Y. Rucker, Simone E. Runyon, Lisa A. Warden and Hao Zhong.