Fundamentals of Contemporary Mass Spectrometry

Modern mass spectrometry — the instrumentation and applications in diverse fields
Mass spectrometry has played a pivotal role in a variety of scientific disciplines. Today it is an integral part of proteomics and drug discovery process. Fundamentals of Contemporary Mass Spectrometry gives readers a concise and authoritative overview of modern mass spectrometry instrumentation, techniques, and applications, including the latest developments. After an introduction to the history of mass spectrometry and the basic underlying concepts, it covers:
Instrumentation, including modes of ionization, condensed phase ionization techniques, mass analysis and ion detection, tandem mass spectrometry, and hyphenated separation techniques
Organic and inorganic mass spectrometry
Biological mass spectrometry, including the analysis of proteins and peptides, oligosaccharides, lipids, oligonucleotides, and other biological materials
Applications to quantitative analysis
Based on proven teaching principles, each chapter is complete with a concise overview, highlighted key points, practice exercises, and references to additional resources. Hints and solutions to the exercises are provided in an appendix. To facilitate learning and improve problem–solving skills, several worked–out examples are included.
This is a great textbook for graduate students in chemistry, and a robust, practical resource for researchers and scientists, professors, laboratory managers, technicians, and others. It gives scientists in diverse disciplines a practical foundation in modern mass spectrometry.

Spis treści:
PART 1: INSTRUMENTATION.
1. BASICS OF MASS SPECTROMETRY.
1.1. A BRIEF HISTORY OF MASS SPECTROMETRY.
1.2. UNIQUE FEATURES OF MASS SPECTROMETRY.
1.3. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF MASS SPECTROMETRY.
1.4. ANATOMY OF A MASS SPECTRUM.
1.5. ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR MASSES.
1.5 .1. Mass–to–charge Ratio.
1.6. GENERAL APPLICATIONS.
1.7. OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER.
1.8. EXCERCISES.
1.9. REFERENCES.
2. MODES OF IONIZATION.
2.1. WHY IONIZATION IS REQUIRED?
2.2. GENERAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE ION SOURCE.
GAS–PHASE IONIZATION TECHNIQUES.
2.3. ELECTRON IONIZATION.
2.4. CHEMICAL IONIZATION.
2.4.1. Charge–exchange Chemical Ionization.
2.4.2. Negative–Ion Chemical Ionization.
2.5. PHOTOIONIZATION.
2.6. FIELD IONIZTION.
2.7. METASTABLE ATOM BOMBARDMENT IONIZATION.
CONDENSED–PHASE IONIZATION TECHNIQUES: IONIZATION OF SOLID–STATE SAMPLES.
2.8. FIELD DESORPTION.
2.9. PLASMA DESORPTION IONIZATION.
2.10. SECONDARY–ION MASS SPECTROMETRY .
2.11. FAST ATOM BOMBARDMENT.
2.12. LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION.
2.13. MATRIX–ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION/IONIZATION.
2.13.1. Analysis of Low Molecular Mass Compounds by MALDI .
2.13.2. Atmospheric Pressure–MALDI.
2.13.3. Surface–enhanced Laser Desorption/Ionization.
CONDENSED–PHASE IONIZATION TECHNIQUES: IONIZATION OF LIQUID–STATE SAMPLES .
2.14. THERMOSPRAY IONIZATION.
2.15. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE CHEMICAL IONIZATION.
2.16. ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE PHOTOIONIZATION.
2.17. ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION.
2.17.1. Mechanism of Electrospray Ionization .
2.17.2. Sample Consideration .
2.17.3. Nanoelectrospray Ionization .
2.18. DESORPTION ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION.
2.18.1. DART Ion Source.
2.19. OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER.
2.19. EXERCISES.
2.20. ADDITIONAL READING.
2.21. REFERENCES.
3. MASS ANALYSIS AND ION DETECTION.
3.1. MASS RESOLUTION.
3.2. KINETIC ENERGY OF IONS.
MASS ANALYZERS.
3.3. MAGNETIC SECTOR MASS SPECTROMETERS.
3.3.1. Working Principle of a Magnetic Analyzer.
3.3.2. Working Principle of an Electrostatic Analyzer.
3.3.3. Working Principle of Double–Focusing Magnetic Sector Mass Spectrometers.
3.3.4. Performance Characteristics .
3.4. QUADRUPOLE MASS SPCETROMETERS.
3.4.1. Working Principle.
3.4.2. Performance Characteristics .
3.4.3. RF–only quadrupole .
3.5. TIME–OF–FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETERS.
3.5.1. Working Principle.
3.5.2. Delayed Extraction of Ions .
3.5.3. Reflectron TOF Instrument .
3.5.4. Orthogonal Acceleration TOF Mass Spectrometer.
3.5.5. Performance Characteristics.
3.6. QUADRUPOLE ION TRAP MASS SPECTROMETERS.
3.6.1. Working Principle.
3.6.2. Operational Modes.
3.6.3. Performance Characteristics .
3.7. LINEAR ION TRAP MASS SPECTROMETERS.
3.7.1. Rectilinear Ion Trap.
3.8. FOURIER–TRANSFORM ION CYCLOTRON RESONANCE MASS SPECTROMETERS.
3.8.1. Working Principle.
3.8.2. Performance Characteristics.
3.9. ORBITRAP MASS ANALYZER.
3.10. ION MOBILITY MASS SPECTROMETERS.
3.11. DETECTORS.
3.11.1. Faraday Cup Detector.
3.11.2. Electron Multipliers.
3.11.3. Photomultiplier detectors.
3.11.4. Post–acceleration Detectors.
3.11.5. Low–temperature Calorimetric Detectors for High Mass Ions.
3.11.6. Focal–plane Detectors.
3.12. OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER.
3. 13. EXCERCISES.
3. 14. ADDITIONAL READING.
3.15. REFERENCES.
4. TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY.
4.1. BASIC PRINCIPLES OF TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY.
4.2. TYPES OF SCAN FUNCTIONS.
4.3. ION ACTIVATION AND DISSOCIATION.
4.3.1. Collision–induced Dissociation.
4.3.2. Surface–induced Dissociation.
4.3.3. Absorption of Electromagnetic Radiations.
4.3.4. Electron–capture Dissociation.
4.4. REACTIONS IN TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY.
4.5. TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY INSTRUMENTATION.
4.5.1. Magnetic Sector Tandem Mass Spectrometers.
4.5.2. Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Multiple Quadrupole Devices.
4.5.3. Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Time–of–Flight Instruments .
4.5.4. Tandem Mass Spectrometry with a Quadrupole Ion Trap M ass Spectrometer.
4.5.5. Tandem Mass Spectrometry with an FT–ICR Mass Spectrometer.
4.5.6. Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Hybrid Instruments.
4.6. OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER.
4.7. EXCERCISES.
4.7. ADDITIONAL READING.
4.8. REFERENCES.
5. HYPHENATED SEPARATION TECHNIQUES.
5.1. BENEFITS OF THE COUPLING OF SEPARATION DEVICES WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY.
5.2. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS.
5.2.1. Characteristics of an Interface.
5.2.2. Mass Spectral Data Acquisition.
5.2.3. Characteristics of Mass Spectrometers.
5.3. CHROMATOGRAPHIC PROPERTIES.
5.4. GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPCTROMETRY.
5.4.1 Basic Principles of Gas Chromatography.
5.4.2 Interfaces for the Coupling of Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry.
5.5. LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY.
5.5.1. Basic Principle of HPLC Separation .
5.5.2 Fast–Flow Liquid Chromatography.
5.6. INTERFACES FOR THE COUPLING OF LIQUID CHROMATO–GRAPHY WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY.
5.6.1. The Moving–belt Interface.
5.6.2. The Direct–Liquid Introduction Probe .
5.6.3. The Continuous–Flow Fast Atom Bombardment Interface.
5.6.4. The Thermospray Interface.
5.6.5. The Particle–beam Interface.
5.6.6. The Electrospray Ionization Interface.
5.6.7. The Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization Interface.
5.6.8. The Atmospheric Pressure Photoionization (APPI) Interface.
5.6.9. The Coupling of LC with TOF–MS.
5.6.10. The Coupling of LC with MALDI–MS.
5.7. MULTI–DIMENSIONAL LC/MS.
5.8. CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS/MASS SPECTROMETRY.
5.8.1. The Basic Principles of Capillary Electrophoresis.
5.8.2. Interfaces for the Coupling of Capillary Electrophoresis with Mass Spectrometry.
5.9. AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY .
5.10. SUPERCRITICAL–FLUID CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY.
5.11. THE COUPLING OF PLANAR CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY.
5.12. OVERVIEW OF THE CHAPTER.