Designing cdma2000 Systems

Over the past few years the wireless technology industry has seen massive growth with ever increasing mobile subscriber rates. Simple analog radio tools have evolved into sophisticated adaptive technologies. These now employ advanced hardware, modulation and coding techniques and processing solutions, unimaginable a decade ago. Network designs based on CDMA 2000 are becoming extremely complex and highly standardized. Designing CDMA 2000 Systems provides engineers with the background information needed to understand the CDMA 2000 technology, by describing design techniques and available algorithms.

This book:

Covers the main standards involved in the technology specification whilst focussing on those aspects required for the design of CDMA systems. Describes in detail the structure of CDMA 2000 systems and provides guidelines for their optimisation.

Written in a thorough and knowledgeable manner this book fills a gap in the information available today and will serve as a reference for designers and operators. Its specialist coverage from introductory to advanced level serves as an excellent ′how to′ manual for all those looking for one complete source on CDMA 2000.

Preface.

Acknowledgements.

About the Authors.

1. Introduction to Spread Spectrum Systems.

1.1 Multiple Access Techniques.

1.2 The Spread Spectrum Concept.

1.3 Spread Spectrum Techniques.

1.4 Processing Gain PG.

1.5 Spreading and De–spreading of the DS–CDMA Signal.

2. CDMA Evolution.

2.1 CDMA Standards and Evolution.

2.2 CDMA Timeline.

2.3 Evolution of CDMA Standards.

3. Codes and Sequences.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Maximal Length Sequences.

3.3 Walsh Sequences.

3.4 Quasi–Orthogonal Function.

4. Forward Link Channels.

4.1 Forward Link Channel Structure in IS–95 CDMA Systems.

4.2 Forward Link Channel Structure in cdma2000 Systems.

5. Reverse Link Channels.

5.1 CDMA IS–95 Reverse Link Channel Structure.

5.2 cdma2000 Reverse Link Channel Structures.

6. Call Processing in CDMA Systems.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 Call Processing.

6.3 Messages Exchanged during Call Establishment.

6.4 Reg istration.

6.5 Roaming.

6.6 The Authentication Process.

7. Power Control, Handoff and Radio Resource Management.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Main Characteristics of Power Control in the System Access State.

7.3 Power Control in Mobile Station Control on the Traffic Channel State.

7.4 Introduction to Handoff Processes.

7.5 Maintenance of Pilot Sets.

7.6 Handoff Types.

7.7 Introduction to Radio Resource Management.

8. EVDO and EVDV.

8.1 EVDO Requirements (IS–856).

8.2 EVDV Requirements (R.S0026).

8.3 EVDO Reference Model.

8.4 Channel Structure.

8.5 Air Interface Encoding.

8.6 Modulation/Encoding .

8.7 Power Control. 

8.8 Scheduling.

9. Radio Network Engineering Fundamentals.

9.1 Design Principles.

9.2 CDMA Equipment Block Diagram.

9.3 Transmit Stage.

9.4 Channel.

9.5 Link Management.

9.6 Receive Stage.

10. Network Design.

10.1 Network Design Flow.

10.2 Databases.

10.3 Regions Database.

10.4 Service Classes.

10.5 User Distribution.

10.6 Composite Predictions.

10.7 Link Budget.

10.8 Call Placement Simulation.

10.9 Network Enhancement.

10.10 Network Optimisation.

10.11 Network Performance.

10.12 Conclusion.

11. Traffic Dimensioning.

11.1 Introduction.

11.2 Demand Characterisation.

11.3 Traffic Simulation.

11.4 Performance Analysis.

11.5 Summary.

Appendix A Link Load and Noise Rise.

Appendix B Capacity Dependence on User Mix.

Bibliography and References.

Acronyms.

Index.

Leonhard Korowajczuk CelPlan Technologies, Inc.
He graduated from the Universidale Federal do Rio de Janeiro in 1969, and has 34 years experience in the telecommunications R&D field. Previous experience include ITT telecommunication engineering departments (Brazil, England, Belgium and Spain). He was one of the founders of the Brazilian Telecommunications Research Center (Telebras–CPqD), Switching department manager and wireless division director at Elebra Telecomunicações/Alcatel, CEO and CTO of CellPlan Technologies, Inc., and also one of its founders in 1992. Was responsible for the design and deployment of wireless networks as early as 1988 and headed the team that developed an advanced MTSO and base station for Comsat–Plexsys from 1993 to 1996. Since then he has led the development of the family of planning and design tools provided by CellPlan Technologies, Inc. Holds several patents in the telecom field and is a member of IEEE.

Bruno de Souza Abreu Xavier CelTec Technologia de Telecomunicações. Ltda.
Telecommunications and RF engineers; he graduated as electrical engineer from the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) in 1996 and did MS from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), researching on land–satellite CDMA performance analysis. He is responsible for the design of several wireless networks in South America and for training classes on planning, deployment and commissioning of wireless equipment infrastructure.

Arlindo Moreita Fartes Filho CelTec Technologia de Telecomunicações. Ltda.
Senior systems engineer; graduated as an electrical engineer from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in 1975 and completed MS in 1978. He has several years experience in the telecommunications R&D field, covering system specifications and software, He participated in the design and development of several telecom equipments (hardware and software). He planned and supervised the design of nationwide telecommunication networks, covering transmission, switching and wireless elements.

Dr. Leila Zurba Ribeiro CelPlan Technologies, Inc.
Director of Systems Engineering at CelPlan Technologies, Inc.; she received her Ph.D. in Electrical engineering from Virginia Tech in May 2003. She joined CelPlan Technologies, Inc., in 1993, and her work experience includes the design, traffic dimensioning and optimization of wireless communication systems in several countries. She has also taught graduate courses as an adjunct professor at the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of George Mason University. She is a member of IEEE.

Cristine Korowajczuk CelPlan Technologies, Inc.
She graduated in 1999 in computer engineering from PUCC (Pontificia Universidade Católica de Campinas), and has more than 10 years experience in the wireless field with CelTec and CelPlan. She has designed and optimized several wireless networks covering all main technologies. She is responsible for customer support, documentation and training at CelPlan Technologies, Inc.

Dr. Luiz A. DaSilva Virginia Tech
He joined Virginia Tech as an assistant professor at the Bradley Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in 1998, after receiving his Ph.D. in electrical engineering at the University of Kansas. He has previously worked for IBM for six years. His research interests currently focus on performance and resource management in wireless mobile networks and Quality of Service (QoS) issues. He is a member of the Center for Wireless Communications (CWT) and associated faculty at the Mobile and Personal Radio Group (MPRG) at Virginia Tech. He is a senior member of IEEE and a member of ASEE.