Mitochondria

Praise for the First Edition:
"Very valuable."
—Journal of the American Aging Association
"Remarkably comprehensive yet concise and contains something for everyone . . . a wide range of ′Cell Biologists′ will find this book valuable."
—Cell Biology International
"A broadly conceived and lively account of mitochondrial biology and biochemistry . . . [written] with such clarity and spark, and in such an organized and complete manner."
—Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education
This book is the eagerly awaited Second Edition of the bestselling book widely acknowledged as the first modern, truly comprehensive work on mitochondria.
Mitochondria, Second Edition brings readers up to date on the many significant findings that have occurred since the book was first published nearly a decade ago. As in that seminal first edition, this Second Edition tackles the biochemistry, genetics, and pathology of mitochondria in different organisms. The growth of the subject has required more emphasis on mammalian mitochondria, but fundamental new insights from other organisms are also included. The new edition provides thorough updates of all the literature concerning this vital organelle, its functions, ongoing research surrounding it, and its importance vis–à–vis a broad range of issues in cellular and molecular biology. Mitochondria, Second Edition includes detailed descriptions of current and developing technologies involved in mitochondrial research and discovery, and highlights subjects that are growing, such as the use of proteomics.
Complete with black–and–white drawings and photographs, Mitochondria, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for all geneticists, biologists, and educators in the life sciences. It is also of interest to advanced students in genetics and molecular biology.

Spis treści:
I. HISTORY.
References.
II. EVOLUTIONARY ORIGIN OF MI TOCHONDRIA.
References.
III. STRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY. INTEGRATION INTO THE CELL.
3.1 Structure and Morphology.
3.2 Integration into the Cell.
3.2.1 Distribution in the Cytosol.
3.2.2 Interaction with Cytoskeleton.
3.3. The dynamics of mitochondrial morpholoy.
3.3.1 Mitochondrial Shape Changes.
3.3.1.1 Fission.
3.3.1.2 Fusion.
3.3.2. Distribution during Cell Division.
3.3.3. During Cell Differentiation.
3.3.4. Turnover and Degradation.
3.3.5. Mitochondrial Alterations in Apoptosis.
3.3.6. Unsolved Problems for the Future.
References.
IV. BIOGENESIS OF MITOCHONDRIA.
4.1 The Mitochondrial Genome.
4.1.1. Introduction.
4.1.2. The Mitochondrial Genome in Metazoans.
4.1.3. The Mitochondrial Genome in Plants.
4.1.4. The Mitochondrial Genome in Fungi.
4.1.5. The Mitochondrial Genome in Kinetoplastid Protozoa.
4.1.6. Mitochondrial Plasmids.
4.1.6.1. Fungal senescence.
4.1.6.2. Phytopathogenicity.
4.1.6.3. Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS).
4.2 Nuclear Genes encoding Mitochondrial Proteins.
4.2.1. Enzymes Required for Maintenance and Expression of the Mitochondrial.
Genome.
4.2.2. Nucleo–mitochondrial Interactions.
4.2.2.1 Introduction..
4.2.2.2. In Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
4.2.2.3 Regulation of nuclear respiratory genes in mammalian cells.
4.2.2.4. Co–evolution of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes.
4.3 Replication and Maintenance of Mitochondrial DNA.
4.3.1. DNA Replication in Mammalian Mitochondria.
4.3.2. mtDNA Repair in Mammalian Mitochondria.
4.3.3. Recombination in Mammalian Mitochondria.
4.3.4. mtDNA Maintenance and Replication in other Organisms.
4.4 Transcription of Mitochondrial DNA – RNA Metabolism.
4.4.1. Transcription in Mammalian Mitochondria.
4.4.2. Transcription of mtDNA in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
4.4.3. Transcription of mtDNA in Plant Mitochondria.
4.4.4. Transcriptional Termination.
4.4.5. RNA Processing in Mitochondria.
4.4.6. RNA Editing in Kinetoplastid Protozoa.
4.4.7. Editing in Plant Mitochondria.
4.4.8. Control of mRNA Levels by Turnover.
4.5 Translation of mitochondrial mRNAs.
4.5.1. Introduction.
4.5.2. Codon usage and tRNA structure.
4.5.3. Mitochondrial Ribosomes.
4.5.4. Cis–acting Elements.
4.5.5. Translation factors.
4.6 Protein Import into Mitochondria.
4.6.1. Mitochondrial targeting of proteins.
4.6.2. The Protein Import Machinery of Mitochondria.
4.7 Import of tRNA into Mitochondria.
4.8 Regulated Protein Degradation in Mitochondria.
References.
V. MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSFER AND OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION.
5.1 Historical Introduction.
5.2 The Electron Transport Chain.
5.2.1. The Biochemical Components.
5.2.2 Physical Separation of the Complexes of the ETC.
5.2.2.1 Biochemical Fractionations.
5.2.2.2 Supercomplexes.
5.2.3 Introduction to Bioenergetics.
5.2.4 Complex I.
5.2.5 Complex II.
5.2.6 Complex III.
5.2.7 Complex IV.
5.2.8 The Assembly of the Electron Transport Chain Complexes.
5.3 Electron Transport in Other Organisms.
5.3.1. NAD(P)H Dehydrogenases.
5.3.2. A Cyanide–Insensitive Electron Pathway.
5.3.3. NADH Oxidation in Yeasts.
5.3.4. Energy metabolism and NADH oxidation in Trypanosomes.
5.4 The Chemiosmotic Hypothesis.
5.4.1. The Mitchell Hypothesis.
5.4.2. The Q cycle.
5.4.3. Probing the Mitochondrial Membrane Potential with Fluorescent Dyes.
5.5 ATP Synthase (F1Fo–ATPase).
5.5.1. Introduction.
5.5.2. X–ray Structure.
5.5.3. ATP Synthesis and Catalytic Mechanisms.
5.5.4. The Fo subcomplex and Proton Flow.
5.5.5. Assembly of Complex V and Dimerization.
5.6 Control of Respiration and Oxidative Phosphorylation.
5.6.1. General Considerations.
5.6.2. The Uncoupling Proteins in Warm–blooded Animals.
5.6.3. Uncoupling in Other Organ isms.
5.7. Reactive Oxygen Species.
5.8 Nitric Oxide (NO).
5.9 The Role of Specific Lipids.
References.
VI. METABOLIC PATHWAYS INSIDE MITOCHONDRIA.
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 The Krebs Cycle.
6.3 Fatty Acid Metabolism.
6.4 The Urea Cycle.
6.5 Biosynthesis of Heme.
6.6 Cardiolipin and Lipid Biosynthesis/Metabolism.
6.7 Biosynthesis of Ubiquinol (Coenzyme Q).
6.8 Biosynthesis of Fe–S Centers.
6.9 Transport of small solutes into and out of mitochondria.
6.9.1 Introduction.
6.9.2 Porin alias VDAC.
6.9.3 The ADP/ATP translocator.
6.9.4 The Mitochondrial Carrier Protein Family.
6.9.5 Cation transport.
6.9.6 The mitochondrial permeability transition.
References.
VII. MITOCHONDRIAL MUTATIONS AND DISEASE.
7.1 General Introduction.
7.2 In Cell Culture.
7.2.1. Mitochondrial Mutations in Microorganisms.
7.2.2. Mitochondrial Mutations in Mammalian Cells in Culture.
7.3 Molecular Genetics of Human Mitochondrial Diseases.
7.3.1. Introduction.
7.3.2. Maternal vs. Sporadic Inheritance.
7.3.3. Mapping mtDNA deletions/rearrangements.
7.3.4. mtDNA Point Mutations and Maternal Inheritance.
7.3.5. Mitochondria and Oogenesis.
7.3.6. Clinical Aspects of Mitochondrial DNA Mutations.
7.3.6.1. MtDNA deletions – Kearns Sayre Syndrome and Pearson Syndrome.
7.3.6.2 Point mutations.
7.3.6.2.1 Leber′s hereditary optical neuropathy (LHON).
7.3.6.2.2. Neuropathy, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa (NARP).
7.3.6.2.3. MELAS, MERRF, and MIMyCa.
7.3.6.2.4. Sensori–neural hearing loss.
7.3.7 Nuclear Mutations and Mitochondrial Disease.
7.3.7.1 Defective electron transport chain.
7.3.7.2. MtDNA maintenance and replication.
7.3.7.3. Friedreich′s ataxia.
7.3.7.4. Deafness and Dystonia syndrome (Mohr–Tranebjaerg syndrome).
7.3.8. Conclusion.
7.4 Mitochondrial DNA and Aging.
7.4.1. Introduction.
7.4.2. Accumulation of mtDNA Dama