Earth and Life Processes Discovered from Subseafloor Environments: A Decade of Science Achieved by the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP)

The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP: 2000-2013) has provided crucial records of past and present processes and interactions within and between the biosphere, cryosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and geosphere. Research in IODP encompasses a wide range of fundamental and applied issues that affect society, such as global climate change, biodiversity, the origin of life, natural hazards involving the study of earthquakes processes, and the internal structure and dynamics of our planet. This compilation of major findings from the 2003-2013/14 phase of IODP, focusing on scientific results rather than description of data acquisition and early inferences, provides invaluable information. Anyone wondering what scientific drilling can achieve will gain quick understanding of the range of questions that are uniquely addressed with this methodology and the ways these data dovetail with other regional information. The excitement of breakthrough findings that occasionally accompanies a drilling project will be evident.

IODP obtained unique records from the global ocean basins during the 2003-2013 program phase. This book highlights findings in three theme areas: Subseafloor life and the marine biosphere; Earth's changing environments; and Dynamics of the solid Earth. Each core or borehole log provides a window revealing insights that no other data achieve.

Preface 1. Major Scientific Achievements of IODP (2003-2013): Overview and Highlights, K. Becker 2. New Frontiers of Subseafloor Life and the Biosphere 2.1. Exploration of Subseafloor Life and the Deep Biosphere through IODP (2003-2013), F. Inagaki, V. Orphan 2.2. Biomass, Diversity and Metabolic Functions of Subseafloor Life (a) Detection and Enumeration of Microbial Cells, Y. Morono, J. Kallmeyer (b) Genetic Evidence of Subseafloor Microbial Communities, A. Teske, J. F. Biddle, M. A. Lever 2.3. The Underground Economy: Energetic Constraints of Subseafloor Life, S. D'Hondt, G. Wang, A. J. Spivack 2.4. Life at Subseafloor Extremes, K. Takai, K. Nakamura, D. LaRowe, J. P. Amend 2.5. Life in the Oceanic Crust: Lessons from Subseafloor Laboratories, B. N. Orcutt, K. J. Edwards 2.6. Cultivation of Subseafloor Prokaryotic Life, B. Engelen, H. Imachi 2.7. Biogeochemical Consequences of the Sedimentary Subseafloor Biosphere, L. M. Wehrmann, T. G. Ferdelman 3. Environmental Change, Processes and Effects 3.1 New Insights from IODP (2003-2013), R. Stein 3.2 Cenozoic Arctic Ocean Climate History: Some Highlights from the IODP Arctic Coring Expedition (ACEX), R. Stein, P. Weller, J. Backman, H. Brinkuis, K. Moran, H. Pälike 3.3 The Southern Ocean and Cenozoic Climate history, C. Escutia Dotti, et al. 3.4 The Pacific Equatorial Age Transect: Cenozoic Ocean and Climate History, H. Pälike, M.W. Lyle, I. Raffi, H. Nishi 3.5 North Atlantic Paleoceanography and Abrupt Climate Change, J.E.T. Channell, D.A. Hodell 3.6 Coral reefs and Sea-level Change, G. Camoin, J. Webster 4. Solid Earth Cycles and Geodynamics 4.1 Introduction, D. Blackman 4.2 Formation and Evolution of Oceanic Lithosphere 4.2.1. New Insights on Oceanic Crustal Structure and Igneous Geochemistry, B. Ildefonse, N. Abe, M. Godard, D. Teagle, S. Umino 4.2.2. Hydrologic Properties, Processes and Alteration in the Igneous Ocean, A. Fisher, W. Bach, J. Alt 4.3 Large-scale and Long-term Volcanism on Oceanic Plates, W. Sager, A. Koppers 4.4 Subduction Zones and Seismogenic Processes 4.4.1. Structure and Deformation History, H. Tobin, P. Henry, P. Vannuchi, L. Screaton 4.4.2. Seismogenic Processes Revealed through the Nankai Trough Seismogenic Zone Experiments Core-Log-Geophysics and Observatories, M. Kinoshita, G. Kimura, S. Sato 4.4.3. Fluid Origins, Thermal Regimes, and Fluid and Solute Fluxes in the Forearc of Subduction Zones, M. Kastner, E. Solomon 5. Appendix: Summaries of IODP Expeditions 301-347, J. Lezius, R.Stein Subject index