Three-Dimensional Microfabrication Using Two-Photon Polymerization: Fundamentals, Technology, and Applications

Three-Dimensional Microfabrication Using Two-Photon Polymerization (TPP) is the first comprehensive guide to TPP microfabrication-essential reading for researchers and engineers in areas where miniaturization of complex structures is key, such as in the optics, microelectronics, and medical device industries.

TPP stands out among microfabrication techniques because of its versatility, low costs, and straightforward chemistry. TPP microfabrication attracts increasing attention among researchers and is increasingly employed in a range of industries where miniaturization of complex structures is crucial: metamaterials, plasmonics, tissue engineering, and microfluidics, for example.

Despite its increasing importance and potential for many more applications, no single book to date is dedicated to the subject. This comprehensive guide, edited by Professor Baldacchini and written by internationally renowned experts, fills this gap and includes a unified description of TPP microfabrication across disciplines.

The guide covers all aspects of TPP, including the pros and cons of TPP microfabrication compared to other techniques, as well as practical information on material selection, equipment, processes, and characterization.

Current and future applications are covered and case studies provided as well as challenges for adoption of TPP microfabrication techniques in other areas are outlined. The freeform capability of TPP is illustrated with numerous scanning electron microscopy images.

Comprehensive account of TPP microfabrication, including both photophysical and photochemical aspects of the fabrication processComparison of TPP microfabrication with conventional and unconventional micromanufacturing techniquesCovering applications of TPP microfabrication in industries such as microelectronics, optics and medical devices industries, and includes case studies and potential future directionsIllustrates the freeform capability of TPP using numerous scanning electron microscopy images

1.1 Laser-based Micro-additive Manufacturing Technologies
1.2 Microstereolithography
1.3 Fundamentals of Two-Photon Fabrication
2 Free-Radical Photopolymerization of Multifunctional Monomers
3 Reaction Mechanisms and In-Situ Process Diagnostics
4 Mask-Directed Micro-3D Printing
5 Geometric Analysis and Computation Using Layered Depth-Normal Images for Three-Dimensional Microfabrication
6 Motion System: an overview of linear, air-bearing, and piezo stages
7 Focusing through high numerical aperture objective
8 Linewidth and writing resolution
9 Making two-photon polymerization faster
10 Microstructures, Post-TPP processing
11 A collection of micro-sculptures
12.1 3D Microoptics via ultrafast laser writing: miniaturization, integration, and multi-        functionalities
12.2 Remoteley driven micro machines produced by two-photon microfabrication
12.3 Microfluidics
12.4 Cell Motility and Nanolithography
13.1 Fabrication of 3D micro/nano-architected materials
13.2 Two-photon polymerization as a component of desktop integrated manufacturing platforms
13.3 Engineered microenvironments for cancer study
Appendix I Simple image processing for two-photon polymerization
Appendix II Numerical Examples