Skin and Arthropod Vectors

Recent research on skin immunity and the skin microbiome reveals the complexity of the skin and its importance in the development of immunity against arthropod-borne diseases. In diseases such as malaria, borreliosis, leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, etc., the skin interface has been shown as an essential site for pathogens to hide from the immune system, and as a potential site of persistence. Only very few vaccines have been successfully developed so far against these diseases, likely because of an insufficient understanding on the development of skin immunity against pathogens. Skin and Arthropod Vectors expands our knowledge on the role of the skin interface during the transmission of arthropod-borne diseases and particularly its immunity. This work may support researchers who strive for developing more efficient diagnostic tools and vaccines. It also gives scientists and advanced students working in related areas a better insight on how humans and animals are attractive to arthropods to develop better repellents, or to set up transgenic arthropods.

Offers the only compilation of research focusing on both the skin interface and arthropod vectors, with contributions from international expertsAdvances research in the effort toward generating more effective diagnostic tools and vaccines focusing on the skin interfaceCan also serve as supplemental material for dermatology lectures or specialized lectures on medical entomology and skin immunity

1. Skin Immunity and Microbiome Nathalie Boulanger and Cédric Lenormand 2. Arthropods: Definition and Medical Importance Gérard Duvallet, Nathalie Boulanger and Vincent Robert 3. Impact of Skin Microbiome on Attractiveness to Arthropod Vectors and Pathogen Transmission Niels O. Verhulst, Nathalie Boulanger and Jeroen Spitzen 4. Arthropod Saliva and Its Role in Pathogen Transmission: Insect Saliva Mosquito Saliva, Skin, Allergy, and the Outcome of Malaria Infection—From Mice to Men Claudia Demarta-Gatsi, Salaheddine Mécheri and Richard E. Paul Role of Sand Fly Saliva on Leishmania Infection and the Potential of Vector Salivary Proteins as Vaccines Shadden Kamhawi, Jesus G. Valenzuela, Iliano V. Coutinho-Abreu, Cláudia Ida Brodskyn 5. Tick Saliva and Its Role in Pathogen Transmission Sarah Bonnet, Mária Kazimírová, Jennifer Richardson and Ladislav Šimo 6. Insect-Borne Pathogens and Skin Interface: Flagellate Parasites and Skin Interface Leishmaniasis Natalia Tavares, Léa Castellucci, Camila de Oliveira, Cláudia Brodskyn 7. Trypanosomiasis Dorien Mabille, Louis Maes, Guy Caljon 8. Skin and Other Pathogens: Malaria and Plague Emergence of a Skin Phase in Mammalian Malaria Pauline Formaglio, Laura Mac-Daniel, Rogerio Amino, Robert Ménard Yersinia Pestis and Plague Jeffrey G. Shannon 9. Insect-Borne Viruses and Host Skin Interface Christopher G. Mueller and Van-Mai Cao-Lormeau 10. Tick-Borne Bacteria and Host Skin Interface Quentin Bernard, Ema Helezen and Nathalie Boulanger 11. Tick-Borne Viruses and Host Skin Interface Mária Kazimírová, Pavlína Bartíková and Iveta Štibrániová 12. Skin and Arthropod-Borne Diseases: Applications to Vaccine and Diagnosis Live Vaccines Against Preerythrocytic Malaria: A Skin Issue? Laura Mac-Daniel, Rogerio Amino, Robert Ménard Lyme Vaccine: Borrelia and Tick as Targets to Identify Vaccine Candidates Against Lyme Borreliosis? Ema Helezen, Nathalie Boulanger 13. Tools to Decipher Vector-Borne Pathogen and Host Interactions in the Skin Pauline Formaglio, Joppe W. Hovius, Chetan Aditya, Joana Tavares, Lauren M.K. Mason, Robert Ménard, Nathalie Boulanger and Rogerio Amino