Geological Controls for Gas Hydrates and Unconventionals

Geological Controls for Gas Hydrate Formations and Unconventionals tells the story of unconventional hydrocarbon resources, especially gas hydrates, tight gas, shale gas, liquid- rich shale, and shale oil, to future generations. It presents the most current research in unconventionals, covering structural constituents of continental margins and their role in generating hydrocarbons.  Additionally, this book answers basic questions regarding quantifications and characterizations, distributions, modes of occurrence, physical and chemical properties, and more — in essence, all the information that is necessary to improve the models for precision prediction of the enigma of gas hydrates and other unconventionals. Blending geology, geophysics, geomechanics, petrophysics, and reservoir engineering, it explains in simple language the scientific concepts that are necessary to develop geological and reservoir models for unconventionals. Serving as a focal point for geoscientists and engineers conducting research that focuses on reservoir characteristics of unconventionals, Geological Controls for Gas Hydrate Formations and Unconventionals is a useful resource for a variety of other specialiststies including physicists, geochemists, exploration geologists, and petroleum and reservoir engineers. It details the key factors for successful exploration and development of unconventional reservoirs including discovery, data evaluation, full-field development, production, and abandonment, along with a vivid description ofn the worldwide occurrence of unconventional hydrocarbons.

Includes a range of datasets that provide detailed workflows for geological modelingPresents theoretical and real data analysis from different parts of the world, making its content practical and implementable in a range of gas hydrate exploration and extraction scenariosFeatures more than 200 figures and illustrations to highlight key concepts

• Dedication
• Authors Biography
• Foreword
• Preface
• Acknowledgments
• Chapter 1. Continental Margins
  • 1.1. Introduction
  • 1.2. Morphology
  • 1.3. Evolution of Continental Margins
  • 1.4. Divergent Passive (Atlantic) Margins
  • 1.5. Convergent Active (Pacific) Margins
  • 1.6. Structural Configuration
  • 1.7. Global Hydrocarbon Resource Estimates
• Chapter 2. Generation of Methane in Earth
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. What Are Gas Hydrates?
  • 2.3. Where Are Gas Hydrates Found?
  • 2.4. Methane Generation in Subsurface Earth
• Chapter 3. Sedimentation Pattern
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Erosion, Transportation, and Deposition
  • 3.3. Genesis of Sedimentary Rocks
  • 3.4. Sedimentation in Oceans
  • 3.5. Rate of Sedimentation
  • 3.6. Productivity of Organic Matter
  • 3.7. Remineralization (Decomposition) Preservation of Organic Matter
• Chapter 4. Tectonics and Gas Hydrates
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Organic Content
  • 4.3. Gas Hydrate Stability Zone
  • 4.4. Sedimentation
  • 4.5. Faulting
  • 4.6. Fluid Flow
  • 4.7. Diapirism
• Chapter 5. Rock Properties
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. Estimation Methods of Rock Properties
  • 5.3. Some Thoughts
• Chapter 6. Fluid Flows
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. Seismic Data Analysis and Interpretation
  • 6.3. Uncertainty Analysis for BSR
  • 6.4. Cold Seep Plumbing System
  • 6.5. Injected Sands and Fluid Flow
• Chapter 7. Reservoir Characteristics
  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. Reservoir Characteristics
• Chapter 8. Some Facts, Data Analysis, and Examples
  • 8.1. Some Facts About Unconventionals
  • 8.2. Shale Oil and Gas Extraction
  • 8.3. Subsurface Data Integration for Horizontal Well
  • 8.4. Coal Seam Gas
  • 8.5. Gas Hydrates
  • 8.6. Gas Hydrate Mapping
  • 8.7. Oil Shale or Liquid-Rich Shale
• Chapter 9. Geological Hazards
  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. Physical Properties
  • 9.3. Decomposition or Dissociation
  • 9.4. Hydrate Impact on Climate
  • 9.5. Geological Hazards
• Chapter 10. The Road Ahead and Other Thoughts
  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. Conventional Versus Unconventional Resources
  • 10.3. Unconventional Resources: Future Prospects
  • 10.4. Towards Advanced Quantitative Interpretation Methods
  • 10.5. Final Thoughts and Some Remarks
• Index