The Chemistry and Biology of Nitroxyl (HNO)

The Chemistry and Biology of Nitroxyl (HNO) provides first-of-its-kind coverage of the intriguing biologically active molecule called nitroxyl, or azanone per IUPAC nomenclature, which has been traditionally elusive due to its intrinsically high reactivity.

This useful resource provides the scientific basis to understand the chemistry, biology, and technical aspects needed to deal with HNO. Building on two decades of nitric oxide and nitroxyl research, the editors and authors have created an indispensable guide for investigators across a wide variety of areas of chemistry (inorganic, organic, organometallic, biochemistry, physical, and analytical); biology (molecular, cellular, physiological, and enzymology); pharmacy; and medicine.

This book begins by exploring the unique molecule’s structure and reactivity, including important reactions with small molecules, thiols, porphyrins, and key proteins, before discussing chemical and biological sources of nitroxyl. Advanced chapters discuss methods for both trapping and detecting nitroxyl by spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and fluorescent inorganic cellular probing.

Expanding on the compound’s foundational chemistry, this book then explores its molecular physiology to offer insight into its biological implications, pharmacological effects, and practical issues.

Presents the first book on HNO (nitroxyl or azanone), an increasingly important molecule in biochemistry and pharmaceutical researchProvides a valuable coverage of HNO’s chemical structure and significant reactions, including practical guidance on working with this highly reactive moleculeContains high quality content from recognized experts in both industry and academia

1. HNO: Redox Chemistry and Interactions With Small Inorganic Molecules

2. HNO Donors: Angeli’s Salt and Related Diazeniumdiolates

3. Hydroxylamines With Organic-Based Leaving Groups as HNO Donors

4. Mechanistic Aspects of HNO Production from Hydroxylamine and Derivatives

5. HNO Generation From NO, Nitrite, Inorganic or Organic Nitrosyls, and Crosstalk With H₂S

6. HNO–Thiol Relationship

7. Non-Heme Transition Metal Complexes of HNO

8. The Interaction of HNO With Transition Metal Centers and Its Biological Significance. Insight Into Electronic Structure From Theoretical Calculations

9. Interactions of HNO With Metallated Porphyrins, Corroles, and Corrines

10. Fluorescent Probes for HNO Detection

11. Phosphine-Based HNO Detection

12. Electrochemical Detection of Azanone

13. Detection of HNO by Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometry

14. Spectroscopic NMR Characterizations of HNO Adducts of Ferrous Heme Proteins

15. Global Kinetic Analysis and Singular Value Decomposition Methods Applied to Complex Multicomponent Reactions of HNO

16. HNO as an Oxygen Substitute in Enzymes

17. The Reactions of HNO With Nonheme Proteins: An Emphasis on Thiol-Containing Proteins

18. Is Azanone Endogenously Produced in Mammals?

19. From Heaven to Heart: Nitroxyl (HNO) in the Cardiovascular System and Beyond